Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38902462›Full record

ReviewAging clinical and experimental research2024

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction: a concept analysis.

Hesam Aldin Varpaei, Kousha Farhadi, Mostafa Mohammadi, Alireza Khafaee Pour Khamseh, Tahereh Mokhtari

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Aging clinical and experimental research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hesam Aldin VarpaeiCollege of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. varpaeih@msu.edu.
Kousha FarhadiSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mostafa MohammadiDepartment of Critical Care, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Alireza Khafaee Pour KhamsehFaculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Tahereh MokhtariDepartment of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPost-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a concern for clinicians that often presents post-surgery where generalized anesthesia has been used. Its prevalence ranges from 36.6% in young adults to 42.4% in older individuals. Conceptual clarity for POCD is lacking in the currently body literature. Our two-fold purpose of this concept analysis was to (1) critically appraise the various definitions, while also providing the best definition, of POCD and (2) narratively synthesize the attributes, surrogate or related terms, antecedents (risk factors), and consequences of the concept.

methodThe reporting of our review was guided by the PRISMA statement and the 6-step evolutionary approach to concept analysis developed by Rodgers. Three databases, including Medline, CINAHL, and Web of Science, were searched to retrieve relevant literature on the concept of POCD. Two independent reviewers conducted abstract and full-text screening, data extraction, and appraisal. The review process yielded a final set of 86 eligible articles.

resultPOCD was defined with varying severities ranging from subtle-to-extensive cognitive changes (1) affecting single or multiple cognitive domains that manifest following major surgery (2), is transient and reversible, and (3) may last for several weeks to years. The consequences of POCD may include impaired quality of life, resulting from withdrawal from the labor force, increased patients' dependencies, cognitive decline, an elevated risk of dementia, rising healthcare costs, and eventual mortality.

conclusionThis review resulted in a refined definition and comprehensive analysis of POCD that can be useful to both researchers and clinicians. Future research is needed to refine the operational definitions of POCD so that they better represent the defining attributes of the concept.

Indexed as

Postoperative Cognitive ComplicationsCognitive DysfunctionHumansPostoperative ComplicationsQuality of LifeRisk FactorsAnesthesiaDeliriumNeurocognitive disordersPost-operative cognitive dysfunction

Identifiers

PMID38902462
PMCPMC11189971

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.