ArticleFrontiers in neurology2024
Leptomeningeal enhancement in multiple sclerosis: a focus on patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Beyond the Typical Atypical Imaging Features of Leptomeningeal Enhancement: A Case Series.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Epstein-Barr Virus and Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review on Prevention and the Concept of an Infection-Driven Disease.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Impairment of spinal CSF flow precedes immune cell infiltration in an active EAE model.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Long-term outcomes of autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis: A retrospective single-centre experience.Multiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinicalArticle
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Leptomeningeal enhancement (LME) is considered an MRI marker of leptomeningeal inflammation in inflammatory neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS). To our knowledge, no disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) have been demonstrated to affect LME number or morphology so far. Methods: Monocentric study investigating the frequency and number of LME in a cohort of people with (pw)MS who performed a 3 T brain MRI with a standardized protocol (including a post-contrast FLAIR sequence), and exploring the impact of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) on this marker. In a longitudinal pilot study, consecutive MRIs were also analyzed in a subgroup of pwMS, including patients evaluated both pre- and post-AHSCT. Results: Fifty-five pwMS were included: 24/55 (44%) had received AHSCT (AHSCT group) and 31 other treatments (CTRL group). At least one LME was identified in 19/55 (35%) cases (42 and 29% in the AHSCT and CTRL groups, respectively; Discussion: These results suggest that AHSCT may affect development and persistence of LME, strengthening the indication for early use of effective therapies bioavailable within the central nervous system (CNS), and therefore potentially targeting compartmentalized inflammation.
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