Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38898939›Full record

ArticleMind, brain and education : the official journal of the International Mind, Brain, and Education Society2023

Comorbidity between reading disability and ADHD in a community sample: Implications for academic, social, and neuropsychological functioning.

Erik G Willcutt, Stephen A Petrill

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Mind, brain and education : the official journal of the International Mind, Brain, and Education Society, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Reading Disabilities With and Without Co-Occurring ADHD: No Evidence for Additive Impact on Reading Skills.Scientific studies of reading : the official journal of the Society for the Scientific Study of Reading · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Erik G WillcuttUniversity of Colorado Boulder.ORCID 0000-0003-0113-7431
Stephen A PetrillOhio State University.

Funding

VALIDITY OF SUBTYPES OF ADHDP50HD027802 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO AT BOULDER · PI ERIK G WILLCUTT · 1990 to 2026
$44.9M
Etiology and Neuropsychology of Math, Reading, ADHD, and their CovariationR01HD068728 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI PETRILL, STEPHEN A., WILLCUTT, ERIK G · 2011 to 2015
$3.0M
Etiology of Reading Disabilities and Comorbid ADHDR01HD047264 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO AT BOULDER · PI WILLCUTT, ERIK G · 2005 to 2009
$2.7M
Validity of DSM-IV ADHD Subtypes in a Community SampleR01MH063941 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO AT BOULDER · PI WILLCUTT, ERIK G · 2001 to 2005
$1.7M
BEHAVIORAL AND MOLECULAR GENETIC STUDY OF ADHDF32MH012100 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO AT BOULDER · PI WILLCUTT, ERIK G · 1998 to 2000
$38k
NICHD NIH HHS P50 HD027802NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD047264NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD068728NIMH NIH HHS F32 MH012100NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH063941
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To better understand the implications of comorbidity between reading disability (RD) and attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a sample of 225 participants with RD without ADHD, 139 participants with both RD and ADHD, and 1,502 children without reading or attentional difficulties was recruited through five large public school districts. In comparison to the group without RD or ADHD, both groups with RD exhibited elevations of comorbid internalizing and externalizing disorders and significant global, academic, and social impairment. However, the group with both RD and ADHD was most impaired on most measures, and analyses of neuropsychological measures indicate that the co-occurrence of RD and ADHD may be due at least in part to weaknesses in cognitive processing speed and working memory that are most severe in the comorbid group. These results indicate that psychoeducational assessments of RD should always screen for ADHD and other emotional and behavioral difficulties, and that when RD and ADHD co-occur interventions are likely to be needed for both disorders.

Identifiers

PMID38898939
PMCPMC11185354

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.