ArticleBMC public health2024
Burden of drug use disorders in the United States from 1990 to 2021 and its projection until 2035: results from the GBD study.
Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Family-Based Interventions to Prevent Substance Use Among Youth: Community Guide Systematic Economic Review.American journal of preventive medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Project MIMIC (Maximizing Implementation of Motivational Incentives in Clinics): results of a 28-site cluster-randomized type 3 hybrid trial.Implementation science : IS · 2025Trial
- Project Harmony 2.0: protocol for an updated and expanded individual patient data meta-analysis and virtual clinical trial of treatments for comorbid PTSD and substance use disorders.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Peer Support Workers to Improve Emergency Department Care Completion Among Patients Who Use Substances: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2026Article
- Article
- Integrating Medications for Addiction Treatment into Assertive Community Treatment Teams: A Pilot Feasibility Study.Community mental health journal · 2026Article
- Global, regional, and national burden and changing trends of hepatoblastoma and retinoblastoma from 1990 to 2021, and projections until 2050: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- A Citywide Collaboration to Expand Addiction Psychiatry Training: Development of a Multi-institution Fellowship Model.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2026Article
- Declining but uneven: global evolution of maternal hemorrhage burden and its future trajectory.Journal of perinatal medicine · 2026Article
- Burden of Disease Due to Consumption of Alcohol and Other Drugs in Colombia, 2016-2022: A Subnational Regional Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Global trends and projections of tracheal, bronchial, and lung cancer (TBL) associated with secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in women: insights of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021 from 1990 to 2021 and prediction to 2035.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Lead optimization of AMS-17 identifies AMS-4 as a modulator of inflammasome-driven cocaine-associated neuroinflammation.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2026Article
- The rising tide of opioid use disorder: analyzing 30 years of epidemiological trends and socioeconomic factors in the U.S.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Global burden of amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine and opioid use in 204 countries, 1990-2023: a Global Burden of Disease Study.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Identifying priority diseases and injuries to promote equality as measured by health-adjusted life expectancy: a population-based study.BMJ global health · 2026Article
- Current trends and projections for potential acupuncture needs globally and in China: evidence from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Chinese medicine · 2026Article
- An analysis of the burden of drug use disorders from 1990 to 2023: differences between China, India, and the United States.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Global and regional burden of liver cancer attributable to drug use in elderly patients: a 1990-2021 analysis from the GBD study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Burden of disease attributable to tobacco, high alcohol use, and drug use from 1990 to 2021.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Protracted encephalopathy and subacute combined degeneration associated with chronic nitrous oxide use: a case report.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDrug use disorders (DUDs) have emerged as one of the most significant public health crises, exerting a substantial influence on both community health and socio-economic progress. The United States (US) also suffers a heavy burden, it is necessary to figure out the situation from multiple perspectives and take effective measures to deal with it. Therefore, using the data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) 2021, we evaluated this topic.
methodsAnnual data on DUDs-related burden were collected from the GBD study 2021. We calculated the indicator of estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) to evaluate the changing trend of burden. The Bayesian model for age-period-cohort was introduced to forecast the burden.
resultsIn 2021, the number and age-standardized rate of prevalence were particularly prominent, with 12,146.95 thousand and 3821.43 per 100,000, respectively. Higher burden was also observed in males, 15-45 years old populations, and opioid use disorders subtype. From 1990 to 2021, the DUDs-related burden increased in the US and all states, especially in West Virginia; and the national death-related burden with the highest increase (EAPC = 7.96). Other significant inverse associations were seen between EAPC, age-standardized rates, and socio-demographic index (SDI). Moreover, in the next 14 years, the projected DUDs burden remains exigent.
conclusionsThe burden of DUDs in the US is heavy and has been enlarging. This study proposes that greater attention should be paid to the strategies in males, the younger population, opioid use disorders, and low-SDI states implemented by decision-makers to achieve goals such as reducing burden.
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