ArticleNature human behaviour2024
Brain-wide functional connectivity artifactually inflates throughout functional magnetic resonance imaging scans.
Article in Nature human behaviour, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- A non-neuronal fMRI signal: both a confound and an opportunity for insight.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Human striatal population state dynamics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Signal Typically Viewed as "Noise" Has Clinical Relevance in Psychiatry.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Multimodal Neuroimaging After Traumatic Brain Injury.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Cerebral and Peripheral Hemodynamics Across Wakefulness and NREM Sleep.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- A new fMRI quality metric using multi-echo information: Theory, validation and implications.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- An evaluation of the efficacy of single-echo and multi-echo fMRI denoising strategies.Network neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Cortical and subcortical mapping of the human allostatic-interoceptive system using 7 Tesla fMRI.Nature neuroscience · 2025Article
- Amplitude fluctuations of cerebrovascular oscillations and CSF movement desynchronize during NREM3 sleep.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2025Article
- Chronic pain is linked to a resting-state neural archetype that optimizes learning from punishments.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Systemic physiological "noise" in fMRI has clinical relevance.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Physiological Confounds in BOLD-fMRI and Their Correction.NMR in biomedicine · 2025Review
- Brain reactivity to nicotine cues mediates the link between resting-state connectivity and cue-induced craving in individuals who smoke or vape nicotine.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Reproducible Effects of Sex and Acquisition Order on Multiple Global Signal Metrics: Implications for Functional Connectivity Studies of Phenotypic Individual Differences Using fMRI.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Static and Dynamic Cross-Network Functional Connectivity Shows Elevated Entropy in Schizophrenia Patients.Human brain mapping · 2025Article
- Cortical and subcortical mapping of the allostatic-interoceptive system in the human brain using 7 Tesla fMRI.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Review
- Reproducibility of resting-state functional connectivity in healthy aging and brain injury: A mini-multiverse analysis.Network neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Article
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Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a central tool for investigating human brain function, organization and disease. Here, we show that fMRI-based estimates of functional brain connectivity artifactually inflate at spatially heterogeneous rates during resting-state and task-based scans. This produces false positive connection strength changes and spatial distortion of brain connectivity maps. We demonstrate that this artefact is driven by temporal inflation of the non-neuronal, systemic low-frequency oscillation (sLFO) blood flow signal during fMRI scanning and is not addressed by standard denoising procedures. We provide evidence that sLFO inflation reflects perturbations in cerebral blood flow by respiration and heart rate changes that accompany diminishing arousal during scanning, although the mechanisms of this pathway are uncertain. Finally, we show that adding a specialized sLFO denoising procedure to fMRI processing pipelines mitigates the artifactual inflation of functional connectivity, enhancing the validity and within-scan reliability of fMRI findings.
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