ArticleProtein science : a publication of the Protein Society2024
Interplay between protease and reverse transcriptase dimerization in a model HIV-1 polyprotein.
Article in Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Advancements in development of novel class of HIV protease inhibitors.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Conformational Dynamics of Viral Protease Precursors in Maturation, Inhibition, and Drug-Resistance Development.Viruses · 2026Review
- Mechanistic basis for a novel dual-function Gag-Pol dimerizer potentiating CARD8 inflammasome activation and clearance of HIV-infected cells.npj drug discovery · 2025Article
- Interplay between protease and reverse transcriptase dimerization in a model HIV-1 polyprotein.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2024Article
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5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Gag-Pol polyprotein in human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) encodes enzymes that are essential for virus replication: protease (PR), reverse transcriptase (RT), and integrase (IN). The mature forms of PR, RT and IN are homodimer, heterodimer and tetramer, respectively. The precise mechanism underlying the formation of dimer or tetramer is not yet understood. Here, to gain insight into the dimerization of PR and RT in the precursor, we prepared a model precursor, PR-RT, incorporating an inactivating mutation at the PR active site, D25A, and including two residues in the p6* region, fused to a SUMO-tag, at the N-terminus of the PR region. We also prepared two mutants of PR-RT containing a dimer dissociation mutation either in the PR region, PR(T26A)-RT, or in the RT region, PR-RT(W401A). Size exclusion chromatography showed both monomer and dimer fractions in PR-RT and PR(T26A)-RT, but only monomer in PR-RT(W401A). SEC experiments of PR-RT in the presence of protease inhibitor, darunavir, significantly enhanced the dimerization. Additionally, SEC results suggest an estimated PR-RT dimer dissociation constant that is higher than that of the mature RT heterodimer, p66/p51, but slightly lower than the premature RT homodimer, p66/p66. Reverse transcriptase assays and RT maturation assays were performed as tools to assess the effects of the PR dimer-interface on these functions. Our results consistently indicate that the RT dimer-interface plays a crucial role in the dimerization in PR-RT, whereas the PR dimer-interface has a lesser role.
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