Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38894023›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2024

Effect of Secondary Foaming on the Structural Properties of Polyurethane Polishing Pad.

Minxuan Chen, Zhenlin Jiang, Min Zhu, Baoxiu Wang, Jiapeng Chen, Wenjun Wang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Minxuan ChenCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Materials Research Center for Nano Manufacturing, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China.
Zhenlin JiangCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Materials Research Center for Nano Manufacturing, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China.
Min ZhuCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Materials Research Center for Nano Manufacturing, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China.
Baoxiu WangCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Materials Research Center for Nano Manufacturing, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China.
Jiapeng ChenCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Materials Research Center for Nano Manufacturing, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China.
Wenjun WangCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Materials Research Center for Nano Manufacturing, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 52075318Shanghai "Yangfan Plan" Talent Project 19YF1417800
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Polyurethane polishing pads are important in chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). Thus, understanding how to decrease the density but increase the porosity is a crucial aspect of improving the efficiency of a polyurethane polishing pad. According to the principle of gas generation by thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate, polyurethane polishing pad was prepared by a secondary foaming method. The influence of adding such an inorganic foaming agent as an auxiliary foaming agent on the structure, physical properties, and mechanical properties of polyurethane polishing pads was discussed. The results showed that compared with the polyurethane polishing pad without an inorganic foaming agent, the open-pore structure increased, the density decreased, and the porosity and water absorption increased significantly. The highest porosity and material removal rate (MRR) with sodium bicarbonate added was 3.3% higher than those without sodium bicarbonate and 33.8% higher than those without sodium bicarbonate. In addition, the highest porosity and MRR with ammonium bicarbonate were 7.2% higher and 47.8% higher than those without ammonium bicarbonate. Therefore, it was finally concluded that the optimum amount of sodium bicarbonate to be added was 3 wt%, and the optimum amount of ammonium bicarbonate to be added was 1 wt%.

Indexed as

ammonium bicarbonatepolyurethane polishing padporositysodium hydrogen carbonate

Identifiers

PMID38894023
PMCPMC11173749

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.