ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
Oral Exposure to Titanium Dioxide E171 and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induces Multi-Organ Damage in Rats: Role of Ceramide.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Assessment of ion release, cytotoxicity, and potential systemic toxicity of titanium dental alloy.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Article
- Nanomaterial toxicity and risk assessment integrating functionalization strategies advanced in vitro models and regulatory perspectives.Discover nano · 2026Review
- The effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the oxidative stress, caspase-3, cytokine and immunity in rats.Veterinarni medicina · 2025Article
- The role of resveratrol in delivering antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic defense against nephrotoxicity generated by titanium dioxide.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Protective effects of N-acetylcysteine against titanium dioxide nanoparticles-induced kidney damage in rats.Journal of molecular histology · 2025Article
- Article
- Sex and Gender Dimensions in Hazard and Risk Assessment of Engineered Nanomaterials.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
Food-grade titanium dioxide (E171) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are common food additives for human consumption. We examined multi-organ toxicity of both compounds on Wistar rats orally exposed for 90 days. Rats were divided into three groups: (1) control (saline solution), (2) E171-exposed, and (3) ZnO NPs-exposed. Histological examination was performed with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Ceramide (Cer), 3-nitrotyrosine (NT), and lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP-2) were detected by immunofluorescence. Relevant histological changes were observed: disorganization, inflammatory cell infiltration, and mitochondrial damage. Increased levels of Cer, NT, and LAMP-2 were observed in the liver, kidney, and brain of E171- and ZnO NPs-exposed rats, and in rat hearts exposed to ZnO NPs. E171 up-regulated Cer and NT levels in the aorta and heart, while ZnO NPs up-regulated them in the aorta. Both NPs increased LAMP-2 expression in the intestine. In conclusion, chronic oral exposure to metallic NPs causes multi-organ injury, reflecting how these food additives pose a threat to human health. Our results suggest how complex interplay between ROS, Cer, LAMP-2, and NT may modulate organ function during NP damage.
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