Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38887015›Full record

ArticleJournal of aging and health2024

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Monetary Value of Informal Caregiving for Non-Institutionalized People Living With Dementia.

Phillip Cantu, Tsai-Chin Cho, Mary Wyman, Brooke Helppie-McFall, Kristine J Ajrouch

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of aging and health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. The cost of dementia in the United States in 2026.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Phillip CantuDepartment of Internal Medicine-Geriatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1072-3195
Tsai-Chin ChoDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Mary WymanDepartment of Psychology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5371-9105
Brooke Helppie-McFallSurvey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Kristine J AjrouchDepartment of Sociology, Anthropology, and Criminology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, USA.

Funding

UTMB WOMEN'S HEALTH RESEARCH SCHOLARS PROGRAMK12HD052023 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MEDICAL BR GALVESTON · PI BERENSON, ABBEY B · 2005 to 2023
$8.1M
Research Education ComponentP30AG059300 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI KRISTINE J. AJROUCH, TONI Claudette ANTONUCCI · 2018 to 2026
$7.0M
The Texas Resource Center on Minority Aging Research (RCMAR)P30AG059301 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · PI Kyriakos S Markides, Fernando Riosmena · 2018 to 2026
$5.2M
Socioeconomic, Cardiovascular, and Psychosocial Sources of Cross-National Variation in Cognitive Health Among Older AdultsR01AG070953 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Alden L. Gross, Lindsay C Kobayashi · 2021 to 2026
$4.6M
UTMB Women's Health Research Scholars ProgramK12AR084228 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · PI ABBEY B BERENSON · 2023 to 2026
$2.7M
Improving Mental Health for Veterans with Dementia: Provider Training in Caregiver EngagementIK2HX003080 · VA · WM S. MIDDLETON MEMORIAL VETERANS HOSP · PI Mary Frances Wyman · 2021 to 2026
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HSRD VA IK2 HX003080NIAMS NIH HHS K12 AR084228NIA NIH HHS P30 AG059300NIA NIH HHS P30 AG059301NIA NIH HHS R01 AG070953NICHD NIH HHS K12 HD052023
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo examine racial and ethnic differences in costs of informal caregiving among older adults with dementia in the United States.

methodsWe used data from the 2002 to 2018 Health and Retirement Survey to estimate annual informal care hours for adults with dementia (

resultsOur sample was 70% non-Hispanic White, 19% non-Hispanic Black, and 11% Hispanic. Hispanics received, on average, 35.8 hours of informal care each week, compared to 30.1 for Blacks and 20.1 for Whites. Racial and ethnic differences persisted when controlling for covariates. DISCUSSION: Informal care is a greater cost to racial and ethnic minoritized families. Informal care was valued at a replacement cost of $44,656 for Hispanics, $37,508 for Blacks, and $25,121 for Whites.

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanCaregiversDementiaHispanic or LatinoWhiteActivities of Daily LivingAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedUnited Statescaregivingdementiahealthcare costs

Identifiers

PMID38887015
PMCPMC11363470

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.