ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2025
Human Gonads Do Not Contribute to the Circulating Pool of 11-Oxygenated Androgens.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Expression of Placental 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Genes Is Associated with the Elevation of Active Androgens and Estrogens in Pregnant Women, but Does Not Affect 11-Oxygenated C19 Steroids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- 11-oxygenated androgens in healthy young adults: Does use of hormonal contraceptives matter? The Fit Futures Study.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Cannabis consumption is associated with altered steroid metabolism in young men.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Characterization of Steroid Metabolic Pathways in Established Human and Mouse Cell Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Radioactive Tracing of Testosterone Reveals Minimal Formation of 5α-DHT in SGBS Cells and Human Primary Adipocytes.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025Article
- Landscape of Steroid Dynamics in Pregnancy: Insights From the Maternal-Placental-Fetal Unit and Placental Models.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2025Article
- Human Gonads Do Not Contribute to the Circulating Pool of 11-Oxygenated Androgens.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
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8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
contextAndrostenedione (A4) and testosterone (T) are produced by both the adrenal glands and the gonads. The adrenal enzyme 11β-hydroxylase (CYP11B1) executes the final step in cortisol synthesis; CYP11B1 also uses A4 and T as substrates, generating 11-hydroxyandrostenedione and 11-hydroxytestosterone, respectively. It has been suggested that CYP11B1 is expressed in the gonads, yet the circulating levels of all 11-oxygenated androgens (11-oxyandrogens) are similar in males and females of reproductive ages, despite enormous differences in T.
objectiveTo assess the gonadal contribution to the circulating pool of 11-oxyandrogens.
methodsWe used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to measure 13 steroids, including traditional and 11-oxyandrogens in: (i) paired gonadal and peripheral vein blood samples obtained during gonadal venograms from 11 patients (7 women), median age 37 (range, 31-51 years); and (ii) 17 women, median age 57 (range, 41-81 years) before and after bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO). We also compared CYP11B1, 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (CYP17A1), and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD3B2) mRNA expression in adrenal, ovarian, and testicular tissue.
resultsA4, T, estradiol, estrone, progesterone, 17α- and 16α-hydroxyprogesterone were all higher in gonadal veins vs periphery (P < .05 for all), while four 11-oxyandrogens were similar between matched gonadal and peripheral vein samples. Equally, in women who underwent BSO, A4 (median [interquartile range]: 59.7 [47.7-67.6] ng/dL vs 32.7 [27.4-47.8] ng/dL, P < .001) and T (24.1 [16.4-32.3] vs 15.5 [13.7-19.0] ng/dL, P < .001) declined, while 11-oxyandrogens remained stable. Gonadal tissue displayed negligible CYP11B1 mRNA.
conclusionDespite producing substantial amounts of A4 and T, human gonads are not relevant sources of 11-oxyandrogens.
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