ArticleLung2024
Type 2 Biomarkers and Their Clinical Implications in Bronchiectasis: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Article in Lung, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07495982 (Correlation of Inflammatory Markers and Radiological Findings in Stable Bronchiectasis Patients With Exacerbation Phenotype), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Correlation of Inflammatory Markers and Radiological Findings in Stable Bronchiectasis Patients With Exacerbation Phenotype
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Initiation of inhaled antibiotic therapy in chronic airway diseases: the REPAIR registry.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Could Hepcidin Be a Phenotype-Related Biomarker in Patients with Stable Bronchiectasis?Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Type 2 inflammation, bronchiectasis and clinical trials: expanding from MAHALE.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Comparative Evaluation of Systemic Inflammatory Indices in Bronchiectasis: Identification of Exacerbation Phenotype.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Children with Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis: Associations with Etiology, Lung Function, and CT Extent.Pediatric reports · 2026Article
- Plasma Fibrinogen-to-Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide Ratio (FFR) as an Emerging Biomarker in Bronchiectasis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Azithromycin on serum FeNO, IgE, and eosinophil levels in bronchiectasis patients.Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2026Article
- LUNG Year in Review: 2024.Lung · 2025Article
- Association and risk factors analysis of FeNO and CRP in bronchial asthma combined with obstructive sleep apnea.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
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9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeBronchiectasis is predominantly marked by neutrophilic inflammation. The relevance of type 2 biomarkers in disease severity and exacerbation risk is poorly understood. This study explores the clinical significance of these biomarkers in bronchiectasis patients.
methodsIn a cross-sectional cohort study, bronchiectasis patients, excluding those with asthma or allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, underwent clinical and radiological evaluations. Bronchoalveolar lavage samples were analyzed for cytokines and microbiology. Blood eosinophil count (BEC), serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE), and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were measured during stable disease states. Positive type 2 biomarkers were defined by established thresholds for BEC, total IgE, and FeNO.
resultsAmong 130 patients, 15.3% demonstrated BEC ≥ 300 cells/μL, 26.1% showed elevated FeNO ≥ 25 ppb, and 36.9% had high serum total IgE ≥ 75 kU/L. Approximately 60% had at least one positive type 2 biomarker. The impact on clinical characteristics and disease severity was variable, highlighting BEC and FeNO as reflective of different facets of disease severity and exacerbation risk. The combination of low BEC with high FeNO appeared to indicate a lower risk of exacerbation. However, Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization and a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR ≥ 3.0) were identified as more significant predictors of exacerbation frequency, independent of type 2 biomarker presence.
conclusionsOur study underscores the distinct roles of type 2 biomarkers, highlighting BEC and FeNO, in bronchiectasis for assessing disease severity and predicting exacerbation risk. It advocates for a multi-biomarker strategy, incorporating these with microbiological and clinical assessments, for comprehensive patient management.
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