ArticleAJPM focus2024
Wastewater Surveillance for Xylazine in Kentucky.
Article in AJPM focus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Interpol review of forensic drug chemistry, 2022-2025.Forensic science international. Synergy · 2026Review
- First Detection of Xylazine in Texas Wastewater and Its Association with Fentanyl Use.ACS ES&T water · 2026Article
- Ethical considerations of wastewater-based disease surveillance-a qualitative interview study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Comprehensive method to detect nitazene analogues and xylazine in wastewater.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2025Article
- Within- and Between-Subject Analyses of the Effects of Chronic Xylazine on Negative Phototaxis in Two Planarian Species.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Xylazine prevalence and concentration in the Los Angeles fentanyl market, 2023-2025.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2025Article
- Integrating community perspectives to enhance the utility of wastewater-based epidemiology for addressing substance use in the United States.Current opinion in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Community-based drug checking at syringe service programs in New York City observe an increasing prevalence of xylazine from 2021 through 2024.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Introduction: In the U.S., xylazine, the veterinary non-opioid sedative, has emerged as a major threat to people who use illicitly manufactured fentanyl and other drugs. The aim of this study was to compare wastewater detection of xylazine with other public health and safety surveillance data from 2019 to 2023 in Kentucky. Methods: Wastewater samples from 5 rest areas, 2 truck weigh stations, and 4 wastewater treatment plants were tested for xylazine. Wastewater xylazine positivity rates were compared with xylazine-positive submission rates from the National Forensic Laboratory Information System and Kentucky's fatal overdoses in 6-month periods (Period 1=January-June; Period 2=July-December). Results: Xylazine was detected in 61.6% (424 of 688) of daily wastewater samples from roadway sites/wastewater treatment plants. For roadways, detection increased from 55% (Period 1, 2021) to 94% (Period 1, 2023), and wastewater treatment plants had an overall detection of 25.8% ( Conclusions: Wastewater signals indicate broad geographic exposure to xylazine in Kentucky, yet health outcomes data suggest otherwise. These findings may inform regional, national, and international efforts to incorporate wastewater-based drug surveillance. Harm-reduction activities along roadways and other suitable locations may be needed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.