Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38882931›Full record

Trial reportOpen forum infectious diseases2024

Cabotegravir + Rilpivirine Long-Acting: Overview of Injection Guidance, Injection Site Reactions, and Best Practices for Intramuscular Injection Administration.

Paula Teichner, Nadine Chamay, Emilie Elliot, Miguel Pascual-Bernáldez, Deanna Merrill, Cindy Garris, Ronald D'Amico, Cecy Felizarta, Emma Torres, Rodica Van Solingen-Ristea and 10 more

Abstract readClinical Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Open forum infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Thigh Injections of Cabotegravir + Rilpivirine in Virally Suppressed Adults With HIV-1: A Substudy of the Phase 3b ATLAS-2M Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025
    Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Paula TeichnerViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Nadine ChamayViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom.
Emilie ElliotViiV Healthcare, Madrid, Spain.
Miguel Pascual-BernáldezViiV Healthcare, Madrid, Spain.
Deanna MerrillViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Cindy GarrisViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Ronald D'AmicoViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Cecy FelizartaPrivate practice of Franco Felizarta, MD, Bakersfield, California, USA.
Emma TorresService de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
Rodica Van Solingen-RisteaJanssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium.
Bryan BaughJanssen Research and Development, Titusville, New Jersey, USA.
Parul PatelViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Vani VannappagariViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Samia DakhiaViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom.
Joseph W PolliViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Louise GarsidePHASTAR, Macclesfield, United Kingdom.
Richard GroveGSK, London, United Kingdom.
Shanker ThiagarajahGSK, London, United Kingdom.
Eileen BirminghamJanssen Research and Development, Raritan, New Jersey, USA.
Jean van WykViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Cabotegravir (CAB) + rilpivirine (RPV) dosed monthly or every 2 months is a complete long-acting (LA) regimen for the maintenance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virologic suppression. Across the phase 3/3b trials, the most frequently reported adverse events were injection site reactions (ISRs). Methods: We present pooled ISR characteristics and outcomes for participants receiving CAB + RPV LA through week 96 of the FLAIR and ATLAS-2M studies, and survey results from healthcare providers (HCPs) giving injections (eg, injectors) in the ATLAS, FLAIR, and ATLAS-2M studies to determine optimal injection techniques. Surveys were anonymous, self-administered online questionnaires that queried provider demographics, injection experience, and techniques to minimize pre-/postinjection discomfort. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Results: Overall, 8453 ISRs were reported by 801 participants receiving ≥1 injection of CAB LA/RPV LA. Most ISRs were mild to moderate in severity (grade 1-2, 99%), with a median duration of 3 days (interquartile range, 2-4 days), and rarely led to withdrawal (2%). Surveys were completed by 181 HCPs across 113 sites. Pushing the intramuscular injection at slow speed (66%), bringing the medication to room temperature (58%), and relaxing the gluteus muscle before injecting (53%) were ranked as effective preinjection/injection procedure practices for minimizing pain. Most injectors (60%) indicated that a prone position provided optimal patient comfort, and 41% had no preference on injection medication order. Conclusions: Taken together, the data demonstrate favorable tolerability with CAB + RPV LA injections over the long term and simple techniques routinely used by injectors to help optimize the administration of CAB + RPV LA injections.

Indexed as

cabotegravirHIV-1injection site reactionlong-acting therapyrilpivirine

Identifiers

PMID38882931
PMCPMC11179104

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.