Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38874708›Full record

ReviewNeurology and therapy2024

Subcutaneous Levodopa: A New Engine for the Vintage Molecule.

Karolina Poplawska-Domaszewicz, Lucia Batzu, Cristian Falup-Pecurariu, K Ray Chaudhuri

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Neurology and therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Efficacy and safety of continuous subcutaneous ND0612 Infusion compared to oral and alternative regimens in managing motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025
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  4. Frailty in Parkinson's disease: time to integrate it into treatment decision-making?Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Karolina Poplawska-DomaszewiczDepartment of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland. karolina.poplawska@usk.poznan.pl.
Lucia BatzuDepartment of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK.
Cristian Falup-PecurariuParkinson's Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
K Ray ChaudhuriDepartment of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The management of Parkinson's disease (PD) continues to evolve with advancements in non-oral levodopa-based therapies aiming to provide continuous drug delivery (CDD). Such therapies address the challenges posed by the emergence of motor fluctuations, dyskinesias, and non-motor fluctuations (NMF) associated with oral levodopa administration and contributing to define the advanced stage of PD. The key focus of this review is placed on subcutaneous foslevodopa/foscarbidopa (Foslevodopa/foscarbidopa) infusion, showcasing its recent clinical availability and efficacy in providing continuous levodopa delivery. While providing an overview of the other non-oral levodopa-based CDD systems, such as intrajejunal levodopa-carbidopa infusion and levodopa-entacapone-carbidopa infusion, we highlight the current promising evidence for Foslevodopa/foscarbidopa to improve, for example, "on time" without troublesome dyskinesia and reducing "off time" in people with advanced PD. Additionally, Foslevodopa/foscarbidopa demonstrates potential in managing early morning off periods, sleep quality and other motor and non-motor symptoms. Moreover, other non-oral CDD options such as ND0612 and DIZ102/DIZ101 are discussed, with focus on their pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and safety profiles. While these advancements present new therapeutic avenues, long-term observational studies are warranted to elucidate their impact on existing PD therapies. Overall, this review provides insights into the evolving landscape of non-oral CDD therapies and offers a pragmatic approach for their integration into clinical practice.

Indexed as

Continuous drug deliveryEarly morning offFoslevodopaParkinson’s diseaseSubcutaneous

Identifiers

PMID38874708
PMCPMC11263521

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.