ArticleEClinicalMedicine2024
Waiting for transgender care and its effects on health and equality: a mixed-methods population study in the Netherlands.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Experiences of Transgender and Gender Diverse Patients in Accessing Gender-Affirming Chest Masculinization: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Thematic Synthesis of the Literature.Plastic surgery (Oakville, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Nationwide estimates of all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with gender dysphoria in Sweden, 2001-2023: a register-based cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Urological care for sexual and gender minorities: a narrative review toward equitable care.Current opinion in urology · 2026Review
- Preoperative breast cancer screening before chest masculinization surgery.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Article
- Experiences of sexually and gender-diverse women with community-based health promotion services in Canada.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- The Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Access for Gender-Diverse Adults: A Qualitative Study.Health services insights · 2026Article
- Gender-affirming health care needs, barriers to care, and health and wellbeing in a broad nationwide sample of transgender people in Norway.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The importance of early and accurate service information for young people accessing gender care.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Challenges and Best Practices Using Claims Data to Study Gender-Affirming Surgery in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Populations.American journal of public health · 2025Article
- Gatekeeping gender-affirming care is detrimental to detrans people.International journal of transgender health · 2025Article
- Healthcare providers' perceptions of changes in guidelines for care of minors with gender dysphoria in Sweden: An interview study.PloS one · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Access to gender-affirming medical care has life-saving effects on transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals. An increasing number of TGD individuals seek care which led to waiting times of years. We assessed the duration and effects of excessive waiting for gender-affirming care. Methods: In this mixed-methods cross-sectional population study, conducted in the Netherlands between June and August 2019, all TGD individuals with experiences with receiving/applying for gender-affirming medical care could participate. Data of participants waiting for care was primarily analyzed. Demographic characteristics and requested care (multiple-choice questions) and the effects of waiting on health were surveyed (open-ended questions). Descriptive statistics were calculated per treatment, and differences in participant characteristics between those waiting for and already in care were assessed through Chi squared tests and post-hoc testing of residuals. Open text answers were thematically analyzed. Findings: Of all 975 participants, 431 (44.2%) waited for gender-affirming medical care. For 10 out of 20 treatment modalities, the median waiting period was more than a year. Participants already in care were on average higher educated and less-frequently non-binary. Subjective effects of waiting were (very) negative for most treatments. Qualitative findings showed that long waiting was associated with a range of psychosocial distress, poorer health, increasing healthcare consumption, and increased inequality between TGD individuals. Interpretation: Findings confirm that TGD individuals encounter long waiting times in multiple stages of their gender-affirming medical care. Waiting affects both physical and psychosocial health. Individual resilience and resources can mitigate these experiences, which increase inequality within this already marginalized group. Funding: Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport of the Netherlands and Zorgverzekeraars Nederland (Healthcare Insurers Netherlands).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.