Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38872120›Full record

ArticleBMC ophthalmology2024

Optical coherence tomography features in vitreoretinal lymphoma compared with non-infectious uveitis.

Lulwa El Zein, Wendy M Smith, Launia J White, David O Hodge, Timothy W Olsen, Jose S Pulido, Lauren A Dalvin

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Ocular Imaging in Intraocular Lymphoma: A Review.Clinical & experimental ophthalmology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Intraocular Lymphoma: A Review.Journal of ophthalmic & vision research · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Lulwa El ZeinDepartment of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
Wendy M SmithDepartment of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
Launia J WhiteDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
David O HodgeDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
Timothy W OlsenDepartment of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
Jose S PulidoWills Eye hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Lauren A DalvinDepartment of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. dalvin.lauren@mayo.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) is a rare intraocular malignancy that poses a diagnostic challenge due to the non-specific clinical presentation that resembles uveitis. The use of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) has emerged as a valuable imaging tool to characterize VRL. Therefore, we sought to determine the specific OCT features in VRL compared to the uveitides.

methodsRetrospective chart review of patients who were seen at Mayo Clinic from January 1, 2010 through December 31, 2022. The medical records and SD-OCT images at time of initial presentation were reviewed in patients with biopsy-proven VRL, intermediate uveitis, or biopsy-confirmed sarcoid posterior uveitis. Patients with VRL or similar uveitides including intermediate uveitis or sarcoid posterior uveitis were included.

resultsThere were 95 eyes of 56 patients in the VRL group and 86 eyes of 45 patients in the uveitis group, of whom 15 (33.3%) were diagnosed with intermediate uveitis and 30 (66.7%) with sarcoid chorioretinitis. The SD-OCT features more commonly seen at initial presentation in VRL patients (vs. uveitis) included preretinal deposits (31.6% vs. 9.3%, p = 0.002), intraretinal infiltrates (34% vs. 3.5%, p < 0.001), inner retinal hyperreflective spots (15.8% vs. 0%, p < 0.001), outer retinal atrophy (22.1% vs. 2.3%, p < 0.001), subretinal focal deposits (21.1% vs. 4.7%, p = 0.001), retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) changes (49.5% vs. 3.5%, p < 0.001), and sub-RPE deposits (34.7% vs. 0%, p < 0.001). Features more frequently seen in uveitis included epiretinal membrane (ERM) (82.6% vs. 44.2%, p < 0.001), central macular thickening (95.3% vs. 51.6%, p < 0.001), cystoid macular edema (36% vs. 11.7%, p < 0.001), subretinal fluid (16.3% vs 6.4%, p = 0.04), and subfoveal fluid (16.3% vs. 3.2%, p = 0.003). Multivariate regression analysis controlling for age and sex showed absence of ERM (OR 0.14 [0.04,0.41], p < 0.001) and absence of central macular thickening (OR 0.03 [0,0.15], p = 0.02) were associated with VRL as opposed to uveitis.

conclusionOCT features most predictive of VRL (vs. uveitis) included absence of ERM and central macular thickening.

Indexed as

Retinal NeoplasmsTomography, Optical CoherenceUveitisVitreous BodyAdultAgedAged, 80 and overDiagnosis, DifferentialFemaleHumansIntraocular LymphomaMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesVisual AcuityIntermediate uveitisSarcoidosisUveitisVitreoretinal lymphomaVitritis

Identifiers

PMID38872120
PMCPMC11170853

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.