Studying Thermopriming-Mediated Short- and Long-Term Acquired Thermotolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana.

High temperature is one of the most devastating environmental factors that severely impede plant growth multi-laterally and threatens global food security. Global warming and the predicted steady rise in temperature emphasize the urgent need to improve heat stress resilience of crop plants to meet the growing food demand. Although known for several years, a memory-based mechanism termed "priming-induced stress tolerance" or "acquired stress tolerance" has gained the attention of the plant science community in recent years. Thermopriming is one such phenomenon that enhances the plant tolerance to subsequent heat stress and promotes growth. The memory of the foregoing mild increase in temperature is captured and retained as dormant signals, which upon exposure to subsequent high temperature aids in mounting a faster, stronger, and sensitized response. Such acquired thermotolerance is more effective than the basal endurance of the plant due to altered molecular regulatory networks. Thereupon, thermopriming can be used as a convenient tool to study and improve plant response to heat stress. In this chapter, the protocol to study thermopriming-mediated short- and long-term acquired thermotolerance is described in detail.