ArticleCureus2024
Development of an Artificial White Spot Lesion Creation Protocol: A Preliminary Study.
Article in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparative Evaluation of the Remineralization Potential of Fluoride-Free Bioactive Toners and Fluoride-Containing Functionalized Tricalcium Phosphate Toothpaste on the Artificially Demineralized Enamel: An In Vitro Study.European journal of dentistry · 2026Article
- Investigation of enamel surface changes in teeth with artificially produced white spot lesions after debonding: an in vitro study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Optimization of In Vitro White Spot Lesion Protocol: Comparative Diagnostics via Visual Inspection, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Fluorescence Methods.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Comparative Study on the Surface Properties of Synthetic Carbonated Hydroxyapatite and Natural Hydroxyapatite Before and After Contact with Solutions with de- and Remineralization Activity.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Influence of low viscosity resin infiltrant on the adhesion of orthodontic attachments.Dental press journal of orthodontics · 2026Article
- Impact of bleaching on white spot lesions: hydrogen peroxide permeability and color alteration.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesProtocols that determine the lesion depth of specific demineralization solutions are lacking. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate various lesion depths of artificial white spot lesions (WSLs) at different exposure times. Materials and methods: Artificial WSLs were created by placing 30 extracted human premolar teeth into 0.05M acetate buffer solution with a controlled environment of pH 4.4 at 37ºC, which were then exposed in the solution for various durations of 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, and 12 days. The specimens were visually examined using the Ekstrand-Ricketts-Kidd (ERK) system to confirm the WSL, followed by buccolingual sectioning, and evaluated under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to measure the lesion depth.
resultsThe SEM showed that the mean lesion depths of representative specimens were 101.33 µm (day 4), 124 µm (day 5), 159 µm (day 6), 187 µm (day 8), 202 µm (day 10), and 212 µm (day 12). The artificial WSL was visually demonstrated in grades 1 and 2 of the ERK system.
conclusionsThe depths of the lesions increased as the duration increased from day 4 to day 12, indicating that the lesion depths increased with the more prolonged exposure to the acetate buffer solution.
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Registered trials
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