The effectiveness of the mental health social worker-led multiprofessional program in preventing long-term hospitalization and readmission in acute psychiatric inpatients in Japan: A retrospective analysis.

Aim: The large number of new long-stay (NLS) patients and high readmission rates in psychiatric hospitals are longstanding concerns in Japan despite reforms to encourage multidisciplinary support of such patients. Staffing shortages of specialists, especially mental health social workers (MHSWs), may be one of the reasons for these problems to remain unsolved. Methods: The authors examined the effectiveness of the MHSW-centered multidisciplinary care model in preventing NLSs and rehospitalization in terms of both patient dynamics and cost by retrospective comparison of before and after program implementation. Results: After our program was introduced, NLS was almost completely prevented. In addition, a significant decrease in readmissions of involuntarily admitted patients was also observed. On the other hand, the resulting decrease in treatment costs and hospital revenues was mismatched by an increase in personnel costs. Conclusion: While MHSW-centered multidisciplinary care is effective for the community integration of patients, there are cost challenges. State policy changes are needed to resolve staffing problems, along with the introduction of appropriate indicators of community integration.