ArticleBMC psychology2024
Comparison of maternal-fetal attachment, anxiety, depression, and prevalence of intimate partner violence in Iranian women with intended and unintended pregnancy: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC psychology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Iron Adequacy Modifies the Association Between Prenatal Diet Quality and Pregnancy-Related Anxiety in Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Psychosocial Predictors of Maternal-Fetal Attachment in Anxious Pregnancies: A Study Among Women With Prior Miscarriages.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Azari women's experiences and perceptions of encountering unplanned pregnancy: a qualitative study.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Developing recommendations to improve the experience of unplanned pregnancy: results from a multiphase study.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with unplanned pregnancy among women of childbearing age in Ceará, Brazil: a cross-sectional study with population representativeness.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- The mediating role of pregnancy-related anxiety between fetal movement self-monitoring adherence and maternal-fetal attachment in the third trimester.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between Anxiety, Stress, Depression, Traumatic Childbirth Perception, and Prenatal Attachment in Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.Depression and anxiety · 2026Article
- Iranian Women's Experiences of Unintended Pregnancy and Induced Abortion: A Meta-Synthesis Study.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2025Review
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Abstract
backgroundUnintended pregnancies and intimate partner violence can adversely affect women, infants, and their psychological well-being. The study aimed to compare depression, anxiety, maternal-fetal attachment, and the prevalence of intimate partner violence between women with and without unintended pregnancies in Tabriz, Iran. The study sought to address the lack of research on this topic in the Iranian context.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 486 pregnant women attending health centers in Tabriz City between 2022 and 2023. A cluster sampling method was utilized, and data were gathered through the administration of socio-demographic, Maternal Fetal Attachment, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression, World Health Organization Domestic Violence, and Pregnancy Anxiety instruments. A general linear model (GLM), controlling for potential confounding variables, was used to compare anxiety, depression, and maternal-fetal attachment between the two groups. Multivariable logistic regression analysis, also controlling for potential confounding variables, was employed to compare the prevalence of domestic violence between the two groups.
resultsThe results of the adjusted GLM indicated that women with unintended pregnancies had significantly lower maternal-fetal attachment (Adjusted mean difference (AMD):-9.82, 95% CI:-12.4 to -7.15 ; p < 0.001)), higher levels of depression (AMD: 2.89; CI: 1.92 to 3.86 ; p < 0.001), and higher levels of anxiety (MD: 5.65; 95% CI: 3.84 to 7.45; p < 0.001) compared to women with intended pregnancies. During pregnancy, 40% of women with unintended pregnancies and 19.2% of women with intended pregnancies reported experiencing at least one form of physical, sexual, or emotional violence. The results of the adjusted multivariable logistic regression revealed that women with unintended pregnancies had a significantly higher odds of experiencing emotional violence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.94; 95% CI: 1.64 to 5.26; p < 0.001), sexual violence, (aOR: 2.25; 95% CI: 1.32 to 3.85; p = 0.004), and physical violence (aOR: 2.38; 95% CI: 1.50 to 3.77; p < 0.001) compared to women with intended pregnancies.
conclusionsThe study found that women with unintended pregnancies had lower levels of maternal-fetal attachment, higher levels of anxiety and depression, and a high prevalence of intimate partner violence, including physical, sexual, and emotional violence, compared to women with intended pregnancies. These results emphasize the importance of implementing policies aimed at reducing unintended pregnancies.
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