Effects of woodland slope on heavy metal migration via surface runoff, interflow, and sediments in sewage sludge application.

Lihua Xian, Dehao Lu, Yuantong Yang, Jiayi Feng, Jianbo Fang, Douglass F Jacobs, Daoming Wu, Shucai Zeng

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

2citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lihua Xian *College of Forestry & Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.

Dehao Lu *College of Forestry & Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.

Yuantong YangCollege of Forestry & Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.

Jiayi FengGuangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

Jianbo FangCollege of Forestry & Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.

Douglass F JacobsDepartment of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA.

Daoming WuCollege of Forestry & Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.

Shucai ZengCollege of Forestry & Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China. sczeng@scau.edu.cn.

Funding

The Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Project of Guangdong Province 2022KJCX015The National Natural Science Foundation of China 31971629

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sewage sludge (SS) application to forest plantation soils as a fertilizer and/or soil amendment is increasingly adopted in plantation forest management. However, the potential risks of SS-derived heavy metals (HMs) remain a concern. Many factors, including woodland slope may affect the risks, but the understanding of this issue is limited. This research evaluated the HMs migration via surface runoff, interflow, and sediments when SS was applied in woodlands of varying slopes. We conducted indoor rainfall simulations and natural rainfall experiments to clarify the effect of slope on the migration of HMs via runoff (including surface and interflow) and sediments. In the simulated rainfall experiment, HMs lost via sediments increased by 9.79-27.28% when the slope increased from 5° to 25°. However, in the natural rainfall experiment, when the slope of forested land increased from 7° to 23°, HMs lost via surface runoff increased by 2.38% to 6.13%. These results indciate that the surface runoff water on a high slope (25°) posed high water quality pollution risks. The migration of HMs via surface runoff water or interflow increased as the steepness of the slope increased. The total migration of Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cr and Cd via sediment greatly exceeded that via surface runoff and interflow. Particles ≤ 0.05 mm contributed the most to the ecological risks posed by sediments. Cd was the main source of potential ecological risks in sediments under both experimental conditions.

Indexed as

Forest soilsRainfallSludge utilizationSoil contaminationSurface runoff

Identifiers

PMID38867064

DOI10.1038/s41598-024-64163-9

PMCPMC11169265

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.