ArticleScientific reports2024
Trends in maternal and child health in China and its urban and rural areas from 1991 to 2020: a joinpoint regression model.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Enhanced Early Childhood Development Program Integrated Into Primary Health Care in China: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Trends in maternal mortality in China and Hainan Province: an analysis based on GBD 2023 and Hainan surveillance data.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Article
- Trends and urban-rural disparities in infant and cause-specific mortality in Shaanxi Province, China, 2014-2023: a population-based study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Observational
- Assessment of the Burden of Maternal Hypertensive Disorders and the Quality of Care in China: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 Study.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Maternal Mortality Transition and Subnational Inequities in China, 1990-2023: Comparative Analysis of GBD 2023 and National Surveillance Data.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- A prospective multicenter birth cohort in China: pregnancy health atlas.European journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
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10 authors.
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Abstract
The long-term trends in maternal and child health (MCH) in China and the national-level factors that may be associated with these changes have been poorly explored. This study aimed to assess trends in MCH indicators nationally and separately in urban and rural areas and the impact of public policies over a 30‒year period. An ecological study was conducted using data on neonatal mortality rate (NMR), infant mortality rate (IMR), under-five mortality rate (U5MR), and maternal mortality ratio (MMR) nationally and separately in urban and rural areas in China from 1991 to 2020. Joinpoint regression models were used to estimate the annual percentage changes (APC), average annual percentage changes (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and mortality differences between urban and rural areas. From 1991 to 2020, maternal and child mortalities in China gradually declined (national AAPC [95% CI]: NMRs - 7.7% [- 8.6%, - 6.8%], IMRs - 7.5% [- 8.4%, - 6.6%], U5MRs - 7.5% [- 8.5%, - 6.5%], MMRs - 5.0% [- 5.7%, - 4.4%]). However, the rate of decline nationally in child mortality slowed after 2005, and in maternal mortality after 2013. For all indicators, the decline in mortality was greater in rural areas than in urban areas. The AAPCs in rate differences between rural and urban areas were - 8.5% for NMRs, - 8.6% for IMRs, - 7.7% for U5MRs, and - 9.6% for MMRs. The AAPCs in rate ratios (rural vs. urban) were - 1.2 for NMRs, - 2.1 for IMRs, - 1.7 for U5MRs, and - 1.9 for MMRs. After 2010, urban‒rural disparity in MMR did not diminish and in NMR, IMR, and U5MR, it gradually narrowed but persisted. MCH indicators have declined at the national level as well as separately in urban and rural areas but may have reached a plateau. Urban‒rural disparities in MCH indicators have narrowed but still exist. Regular analyses of temporal trends in MCH are necessary to assess the effectiveness of measures for timely adjustments.
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