ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2025
Lower Independent Self-Care Readiness Persists Over Time in Teens With Type 1 Diabetes and Executive Function Challenges.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Life stage transitions for people with type 1 diabetes.The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2025Review
- Teens with Type 1 Diabetes and Executive Function Challenges Who Use Insulin Pumps Have Lower A1C Without Increased Risk of Diabetic Ketoacidosis or Severe Hypoglycemia.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2025Article
- A Conceptual Model for Understanding the Division and Transfer of Diabetes Care Responsibilities Between Parents and Children with Type 1 Diabetes.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeManagement of type 1 diabetes is complex and benefits from adequate executive function (EF) (planning, organization, problem-solving). Teens with diabetes and executive dysfunction may have challenges with the acquisition of self-care skills.
methodsOver 18 months, parents of teens with type 1 diabetes aged 13 to 17 completed the Diabetes Family Responsibility Questionnaire (DFRQ) and Readiness for Independent Self-Care Questionnaire (RISQ) every 6 months. Parents assessed teen EF, completing the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). T-score ≥60 defined EF challenges. EF, demographic, and diabetes treatment variables predicted RISQ score over time using longitudinal mixed modeling with false discovery rate adjustment.
resultsThere were 169 teen participants (54% male) aged 15.9 ± 1.3 years, diabetes duration 8.4 ± 3.7 years, and A1c 8.6 ± 1.2%. About a third (31.4%) of teens had parent-reported BRIEF Global Executive Composite (GEC) scores ≥60. After adjusting for age, sex, and DFRQ, those with GEC <60 had a RISQ score 4.1 points higher than those with GEC ≥60, P = .016. Metacognition index (MI; adjusted for age,sex, and DFRQ) predicted RISQ while behavioral regulation index (adjusted for age, continuous glucose monitor use, DFRQ, and A1c) did not; those with MI <60 had a RISQ score 5.3 points higher than those with MI ≥60, P < .001. In all models, older teen age (P < .05) and less parental involvement (P < .001) predicted higher RISQ score.
conclusionEF skills, especially metacognition, appear important for the acquisition of self-care behaviors in teens with type 1 diabetes. Evaluating EF during adolescence may identify teens needing extra support during the transition process.
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