ArticleBiology direct2024
Hypoxia-induced activation of HIF-1alpha/IL-1beta axis in microglia promotes glioma progression via NF-κB-mediated upregulation of heparanase expression.
Article in Biology direct, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Gene (Cancers · 2026Article
- Article
- Auranofin Suppresses Cancer Cell Invasion by Inhibiting Heparanase-1 Expression via the aPKC-NF-κB Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Acidosis, Iron Dyshomeostasis and Inflammatory Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- HMC3 revealed: how much do these "Microglia" really tell us?Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Structural Variations Associated with Adaptation and Coat Color in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Cattle.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Microglial Modulation as a Therapeutic Avenue for Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders: Unveiling Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Article
- Downregulation of CPT2 promotes proliferation and migration through the TNFα/NF-κB pathway in cholangiocarcinoma.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGlioma is a common tumor that occurs in the brain and spinal cord. Hypoxia is a crucial feature of the tumor microenvironment. Tumor-associated macrophages/microglia play a crucial role in the advancement of glioma. This study aims to illuminate the detailed mechanisms by which hypoxia regulates microglia and, consequently, influences the progression of glioma.
methodsThe glioma cell viability and proliferation were analyzed by cell counting kit-8 assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assay. Wound healing assay and transwell assay were implemented to detect glioma cell migration and invasion, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to detect protein levels in cell culture medium. The protein levels in glioma cells and tumor tissues were evaluated using western blot analysis. The histological morphology of tumor tissue was determined by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The protein expression in tumor tissues was determined using immunohistochemistry. Human glioma xenograft in nude mice was employed to test the influence of hypoxic microglia-derived interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and heparanase (HPSE) on glioma growth in vivo.
resultsHypoxic HMC3 cells promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of U251 and U87 cells by secreting IL-1β, which was upregulated by hypoxia-induced activation of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α). Besides, IL-1β from HMC3 cells promoted glioma progression and caused activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and upregulation of HPSE in vivo. We also confirmed that IL-1β facilitated HPSE expression in U251 and U87 cells by activating NF-κB. Hypoxic HMC3 cells-secreted IL-1β facilitated the proliferation, migration, and invasion of U251 and U87 cells via NF-κB-mediated upregulation of HPSE expression. Finally, we revealed that silencing HPSE curbed the proliferation and metastasis of glioma in mice.
conclusionHypoxia-induced activation of HIF-1α/IL-1β axis in microglia promoted glioma progression via NF-κB-mediated upregulation of HPSE expression.
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