Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38862966›Full record

SynthesisBMC health services research2024

The effectiveness of visual-based interventions on health literacy in health care: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Elisa Galmarini, Laura Marciano, Peter Johannes Schulz

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC health services research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 74 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
74citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07009106 nacompletednot on this map

Improving Postpartum Care Knowledge and Visit Attendance in Expecting Persons With Diabetes Through an Educational Video Pilot Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorWomen and Infants Hospital of Rhode IslandRan2023 to 2024Enrolled86ConditionsPostpartum CareArmsEducational video on postpartum care
NCT07310589 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

A Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Effects of a Visual-Interactive LINE Chatbot on Self-Management of EGFR-TKI-Related Side Effects in Patients With Lung Cancer

TypeinterventionalSponsorNational Taiwan University HospitalRan2026 to 2028Enrolled178ConditionsNon-Small Cell Lung CancerArmsVisual-Interactive LINE Chatbot
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

74 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  12. Translating JAH Science: Infographics for Enhanced Dissemination and Engagement in Adolescent Health Research.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2026
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Subjective-objective health literacy discrepancy, reduced healthcare utilization, and functional limitations associated with hearing loss.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026
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14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Elisa GalmariniFaculty of Communication, Culture & Society, Università Della Svizzera Italiana (University of Lugano), Lab, Office 201 (Level 2), Via Buffi 13, 6900, Lugano, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-7083-7896
Laura MarcianoHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8034-3227
Peter Johannes SchulzFaculty of Communication, Culture & Society, Università Della Svizzera Italiana (University of Lugano), Lab, Office 201 (Level 2), Via Buffi 13, 6900, Lugano, Switzerland. peter.schulz@usi.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4281-489X

Funding

Swiss National Science Foundation P500PS_202974
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLimited Health Literacy (HL) is an obstacle to accessing and receiving optimal health care and negatively impacts patients' quality of life, thus making it an urgent issue in the health care system. Visual-based interventions are a promising strategy to improve HL through the use of visual aids and pictorial materials to explain health-related concepts. However, a comprehensive summary of the literature on the topic is still scarce.

methodsTo fill this gap, we carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis with the aim to determine the effectiveness of visual-based interventions in improving comprehension of health related material in the clinical population. Independent studies evaluating the effectiveness of visual-based interventions on adults (> 18 years) and whose primary outcome was either health literacy (HL) or comprehension were eligible for the review. After a systematic literature search was carried out in five databases, 28 studies met the inclusion criteria and thus were included. Most of the studies were randomized controlled trials and they focused on HL and health knowledge as outcomes.

resultsThe review and meta-analysis showed that visual-based interventions were most effective in enhancing the comprehension of health-related material compared to traditional methods. According to meta-analytic results, videos are more effective than traditional methods (Z = 5.45, 95% CI [0.35, 0.75], p < 0.00001) and than the employment of written material (Z = 7.59, 95% CI [0.48, 0.82], p < 0.00001). Despite this, no significant difference was found between video and oral discussion (Z = 1.70, 95% CI [-0.46, 0.53], p = 0.09).

conclusionsWe conclude that visual-based interventions, particularly the ones using videos, are effective for improving HL and the comprehension of health-related material.

Indexed as

Health LiteracyAudiovisual AidsComprehensionHumansPatient Education as TopicHealth knowledgeHealth literacyMeta-analysisReviewVideosVisual-based intervention

Identifiers

PMID38862966
PMCPMC11165863

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.