ArticleNature immunology2024
IL-12 induces a B cell-intrinsic IL-12/IFNγ feed-forward loop promoting extrafollicular B cell responses.
Article in Nature immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mechanism of Coumarin in the anti-liver cancer activity by promoting NK cell activation.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Article
- B cells in cancer: functions, mechanisms and therapeutic advances.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- A distinct effector B cell population drives autoantibody production in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Immunity · 2026Article
- Epigenetic regulation of B cell tolerance and dysfunction in autoimmune disease.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- CD137 agonists in mice suppress germinal center responses by increasing the immunosuppressive activity of follicular regulatory T-cells.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Human vaccine responses regulated by parallel cytokine pathways.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- The Developmental and Functional Implications of Age-Associated B Cells (ABCs) Across Tissue Microenvironments.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- A unified network systems approach uncovers a core program underlying T follicular helper cell differentiation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Defective Trophoblast Differentiation, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Immune Dysregulation in Preeclampsia Coalesce on a Placental VGLL3-Centered Gene Network.Circulation · 2026Article
- A Novel PLGA-based nano-adjuvant augments mucosal and systemic immunity in chicks through intestinal targeting and IgA production.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Dysregulation of anti-Ro60 B cell autoreactivity in systemic lupus erythematosus.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Polymer-mRNA complexes for monocyte-trafficked, lymph node-targeted cancer vaccination.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Germinal-centre and extrafollicular B cell pathways in systemic lupus erythematosus.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Atypical memory B cell clonal expansion and inflammatory programs associate with platelet-activating antibody development in COVID-19.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Inflammatory arthritis irAE may represent a unique autoimmune disease primarily driven by T cells but likely not autoantibodies.Science advances · 2026Article
- Human immune response to primary cryptosporidiosis parallels murine infection models.Infection and immunity · 2026Article
- IL-36 mediates immune activation in Sjögren's disease and may represent a novel biomarker of disease.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2026Article
- An Immune Model Incorporating NK Cells and IL-12 to Predict the Efficacy of the Initial Treatment Cycle of Efgartigimod in Generalized Myasthenia Gravis.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Observational
- Targeting tumour-infiltrating B cells: mechanisms and advances in cancer therapy.Cell death & disease · 2025Review
- The Interleukin Network in Sepsis: From Cytokine Storm to Clinical Applications.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
While some infections elicit germinal centers, others produce only extrafollicular responses. The mechanisms controlling these dichotomous fates are poorly understood. We identify IL-12 as a cytokine switch, acting directly on B cells to promote extrafollicular and suppress germinal center responses. IL-12 initiates a B cell-intrinsic feed-forward loop between IL-12 and IFNγ, amplifying IFNγ production, which promotes proliferation and plasmablast differentiation from mouse and human B cells, in synergy with IL-12. IL-12 sustains the expression of a portion of IFNγ-inducible genes. Together, they also induce unique gene changes, reflecting both IFNγ amplification and cooperative effects between both cytokines. In vivo, cells lacking both IL-12 and IFNγ receptors are more impaired in plasmablast production than those lacking either receptor alone. Further, B cell-derived IL-12 enhances both plasmablast responses and T helper 1 cell commitment. Thus, B cell-derived IL-12, acting on T and B cells, determines the immune response mode, with implications for vaccines, pathogen protection and autoimmunity.
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