ArticleThe International journal on drug policy2024
Evaluation of methamphetamine assist packs: As-needed antipsychotics for self-management of methamphetamine-associated psychiatric toxicity.
Article in The International journal on drug policy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Suicide and psychiatric disorders associated with amphetamine type stimulant use: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Unwanted effects, self-management strategies, and consequences of unwanted effects of methamphetamine use.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- A call for action: Closing the evidence gap in management of stimulant-induced psychosis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- "Chill packs" self-administered olanzapine as psychiatric harm reduction for methamphetamine-induced psychosis: a narrative review of the existing evidence base.Harm reduction journal · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMethamphetamine frequently causes substance-induced psychosis and related symptoms. There are currently no interventions to prevent or assist in self-management of these symptoms.
methodsWe evaluated a program providing "Methamphetamine Assist Packs" to patients who were seen in a psychiatric emergency services program for methamphetamine-induced psychosis. Methamphetamine Assist Packs included a small number of tablets of an antipsychotic medication (olanzapine), administration instructions, and referral information. We reviewed medical charts of patients who received Methamphetamine Assist Packs from January 2022 through May 2023 for sociodemographic and emergency visit characteristics. We assessed the changes between the number of psychiatric emergency visits before and after Methamphetamine Assist Pack receipt at two, six, and 12 months using generalized estimating equations.
resultsNinety-two patients received a Methamphetamine Assist Pack, with a mean age of 40 years; 79 % were male and 49 % Black/African American; 77 % experienced housing instability or homelessness. The most common symptoms were suicidal ideation (54 %), paranoia or delusions (45 %), and hallucinations (40 %); 55 % were on involuntary psychiatric hold, 38 % required medications for agitation, and 18 % required seclusion or physical restraints. The rate of psychiatric emergency visits after Methamphetamine Assist Pack receipt was 0.68 and 0.87 times the rate prior to receipt at two and six months, respectively (p < 0.001). There was no difference at 12 months.
conclusionsMethamphetamine Assist Packs were associated with fewer psychiatric emergency visits for six months after receipt, and represent a promising intervention to address acute psychiatric toxicity from methamphetamine in need of further research.
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