ArticleClinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.)2025
Superficial retrocalcaneal bursae and nerves: From anatomy to ultrasound-guided procedures.
Article in Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Promoting the utilization of rheumatologic musculoskeletal anatomy: a 50-year travel log.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Review
- Anterolateral and accessory anterolateral portals are safe to avoid subcutaneous nerve injury during subtalar arthroscopy-Definition of safe zones for standard lateral portals.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2025Article
- Ultrasound tissue characterization and function of Achilles tendon in psoriatic arthritis patients: a cross-sectional study.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2025Article
- Superficial retrocalcaneal bursae and nerves: From anatomy to ultrasound-guided procedures.Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The pertinent literature widely describes ultrasound-guided procedures targeting the retrocalcaneal bursa and the tendon tissue to manage insertional Achilles tendinopathy. Synovial bursae and cutaneous nerves of the superficial retrocalcaneal pad are often overlooked pain generators and are poorly considered by clinicians and surgeons. A layer-by-layer dissection of the superficial soft tissues in the retrocalcaneal region of two fresh frozen cadavers was matched with historical anatomical tables of the textbook Traite d'Anatomie Topographique Avec Applications Médico-Chirurgicales (1909 by Testut and Jacob). An accurate and detailed description of the superficial retrocalcaneal pad with its synovial bursae and cutaneous nerves was provided. Cadaveric dissections confirmed the compartmentalized architecture of the superficial retrocalcaneal fat pad and its histological continuum with the superficial lamina of the crural fascia. Superficial synovial tissue islands have been demonstrated on the posterior aspect of the Achilles tendon in one cadaver and on the posterolateral surface of the tendon in the other one. Digitalization of the original anatomical tables of the textbook Traite d'Anatomie Topographique Avec Applications Médico-Chirurgicales (1909 by Testut and Jacob) showed five potential locations of the superficial calcaneal bursa and a superficial retrocalcaneal nerve plexus within the Achilles tendon-fat pad interface. In clinical practice, in addition to the previously described interventions regarding the retrocalcaneal bursa and the tendon tissue, ultrasound-guided procedures targeting the synovial and neural tissues of the superficial retrocalcaneal pad should be considered to optimize the management of insertional Achilles tendinopathy.
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