Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38858705›Full record

ArticleBMC health services research2024

Impact of health spending on hospitalization rates in Baltic countries: a comparative analysis.

Huan Jiang, Alexander Tran, Inese Gobiņa, Janina Petkevičienė, Rainer Reile, Mindaugas Štelemėkas, Ricardas Radisauskas, Shannon Lange, Jürgen Rehm

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC health services research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Huan JiangInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, T521, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada. hedy.jiang@utoronto.ca.
Alexander TranInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, T521, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada.
Inese GobiņaDepartment of Public Health and Epidemiology, Riga Stradiņš University, Kronvalda Boulevard 9, Riga, LV-1010, Latvia.
Janina PetkevičienėHealth Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės str.18, Kaunas, 47181, Lithuania.
Rainer ReileDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute for Health Development, Paldiski mnt 80, Tallinn, 10617, Estonia.
Mindaugas ŠtelemėkasHealth Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės str.18, Kaunas, 47181, Lithuania.
Ricardas RadisauskasDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės str. 18, Kaunas, 47181, Lithuania.
Shannon LangeInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, T521, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada.
Jürgen RehmInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, T521, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada.

Funding

Evaluation of the impact of alcohol control policies on morbidity and mortality in Lithuania and other Baltic statesR01AA028224 · NIAAA · CENTRE FOR ADDICTION AND MENTAL HEALTH · PI REHM, JUERGEN T, ŠTELEMĖKAS, MINDAUGAS · 2020 to 2024
$2.2M
NIAAA NIH HHS 1R01AA028224NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA028224
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThis study examines the association between healthcare indicators and hospitalization rates in three high-income European countries, namely Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, from 2015 to 2020.

methodWe used a sex-stratified generalized additive model (GAM) to investigate the impact of select healthcare indicators on hospitalization rates, adjusted by general economic status-i.e., gross domestic product (GDP) per capita.

resultsOur findings indicate a consistent decline in hospitalization rates over time for all three countries. The proportion of health expenditure spent on hospitals, the number of physicians and nurses, and hospital beds were not statistically significantly associated with hospitalization rates. However, changes in the number of employed medical doctors per 10,000 population were statistically significantly associated with changes of hospitalization rates in the same direction, with the effect being stronger for males. Additionally, higher GDP per capita was associated with increased hospitalization rates for both males and females in all three countries and in all models.

conclusionsThe relationship between healthcare spending and declining hospitalization rates was not statistically significant, suggesting that the healthcare systems may be shifting towards primary care, outpatient care, and on prevention efforts.

Indexed as

Health ExpendituresHospitalizationBaltic StatesEstoniaFemaleGross Domestic ProductHumansLatviaLithuaniaMaleMiddle AgedBaltic CountriesGAM modelHealthcare systemsHealth SpendingHospitalization

Identifiers

PMID38858705
PMCPMC11165763

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.