Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38858586›Full record

ArticleNature biomedical engineering2025

Efficient site-specific integration of large genes in mammalian cells via continuously evolved recombinases and prime editing.

Smriti Pandey, Xin D Gao, Nicholas A Krasnow, Amber McElroy, Y Allen Tao, Jordyn E Duby, Benjamin J Steinbeck, Julia McCreary, Sarah E Pierce, Jakub Tolar and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biomedical engineering, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 135 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
135citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

135 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Gene editing using large insertions.Nature biotechnology · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

75 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Smriti Pandey *Merkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Xin D Gao *Merkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2917-2060
Nicholas A KrasnowMerkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4131-1855
Amber McElroyDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Y Allen TaoMerkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Jordyn E DubyMerkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Benjamin J SteinbeckDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6444-8643
Julia McCrearyMerkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Sarah E PierceMerkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Jakub TolarDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0957-4380
Torsten B MeissnerDepartment of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9729-5834
Elliot L ChaikofDepartment of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Mark J OsbornDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
David R LiuMerkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. drliu@fas.harvard.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-9943-7557

Funding

Trial Design and Biostatistical Support CoreP01CA065493 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI J SUNIL RAO · 1995 to 2026
$48.2M
Center for Genomic Editing and Recording: Development and Application of Next-Generation Genome and Epigenome Editing Methods to Advance the Study and Treatment of Human DiseaseRM1HG009490 · NHGRI · WHITEHEAD INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL RES · PI Brittany S. Adamson, Martin Joseph Ankrah Aryee · 2017 to 2026
$22.7M
Integrating Chemistry and Evolution to Illuminate Biology and Enable Novel TherapeuticsR35GM118062 · NIGMS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY · PI LIU, DAVID R · 2016 to 2025
$6.4M
Skin-targeted Cell Therapy for Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis BullosaR01AR063070 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Mark J Osborn, Jakub Tolar · 2013 to 2026
$4.5M
Gene Therapy in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria SyndromeR01HL160970 · NHLBI · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI BROWN, JONATHAN DAVID · 2022 to 2025
$2.9M
Continuous Evolution of Proteins with Novel Therapeutic PotentialR01EB031172 · NIBIB · BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. · PI LIU, DAVID R · 2021 to 2024
$2.5M
Immunoevasive Engineered Living Blood VesselsR01EB032824 · NIBIB · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI CHAIKOF, ELLIOT, MEISSNER, TORSTEN BJOERN · 2022 to 2025
$2.4M
Expanding the Scope of Base EditingU01AI142756 · NIAID · BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. · PI LIU, DAVID R · 2018 to 2022
$2.1M
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Liu investigatorshipNCI NIH HHS P01 CA065493NHGRI NIH HHS RM1 HG009490NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL160970NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI142756NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR063070NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB031172NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB032824NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM118062
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Methods for the targeted integration of genes in mammalian genomes suffer from low programmability, low efficiencies or low specificities. Here we show that phage-assisted continuous evolution enhances prime-editing-assisted site-specific integrase gene editing (PASSIGE), which couples the programmability of prime editing with the ability of recombinases to precisely integrate large DNA cargoes exceeding 10 kilobases. Evolved and engineered Bxb1 recombinase variants (evoBxb1 and eeBxb1) mediated up to 60% donor integration (3.2-fold that of wild-type Bxb1) in human cell lines with pre-installed recombinase landing sites. In single-transfection experiments at safe-harbour and therapeutically relevant sites, PASSIGE with eeBxb1 led to an average targeted-gene-integration efficiencies of 23% (4.2-fold that of wild-type Bxb1). Notably, integration efficiencies exceeded 30% at multiple sites in primary human fibroblasts. PASSIGE with evoBxb1 or eeBxb1 outperformed PASTE (for 'programmable addition via site-specific targeting elements', a method that uses prime editors fused to recombinases) on average by 9.1-fold and 16-fold, respectively. PASSIGE with continuously evolved recombinases is an unusually efficient method for the targeted integration of genes in mammalian cells.

Indexed as

Gene EditingRecombinasesAnimalsCRISPR-Cas SystemsHEK293 CellsHumansIntegrasesIntegrasesRecombinases

Identifiers

PMID38858586
PMCPMC11754103

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.