ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2025
Denial of Personal Racial Discrimination and Its Impact Among People of Color Who Use Substances: Implications for Measuring Racial Discrimination in Substance Use Research.
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trauma Profiles and Cocaine Use Among Formerly Incarcerated Black Men Who Co-Use Opioids and Stimulants.The Journal of black psychology · 2026Article
- Unpacking the complexities in racial and ethnic discrimination and tobacco use and cannabis co-use behaviors among young adults in the U.S.Addictive behaviors reports · 2025Article
- Ethnic-specific discrimination: focus group findings of Korean American emerging adults.Frontiers in sociology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEven though racism is pervasive, some people of color may deny experiencing racial discrimination or may report being unaffected by it. This study examines the contexts and factors that may contribute to these responses among people who use substances.
methodsWe conducted seven focus groups (5-9 participants per group, total N = 43) among Black, Latino, and Asian American adults between the ages of 21 to 44 years old who reported current use of two or more of the following substances: alcohol, cigarettes, e-cigarettes, or cannabis. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.
resultsAcross all three ethno-racial groups, we found some respondents minimized or denied personal experiences of racial discrimination or hesitated to identify their experiences as racial discrimination, which in turn led to respondents to express uncertainty about seeing any sort of connection between racial discrimination and substance use. Themes included a minority comparison effect; a drowning out effect; diversity and racial composition of context; passing as White; and covertness of racism. Also, there were contradictions in accounts, and responses often depended on orienting cues.
conclusionsWhile researchers continue to find associations between racial discrimination and substance use, some people of color may not acknowledge this connection. Recommendations include aligning definitions of racism between academic and public/popular discourse; updating measures to keep up with the evolving forms of racism using context-specific examples; combining subjective measures of racial discrimination with objective measures of racism; and dialoguing with the public to raise awareness around how racism is defined.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.