Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38858276›Full record

ArticleJournal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine2024

Historical Structural Racism in the Built Environment and Physical Health among Residents of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania.

Emily J Jones, Brianna N Natale, Lorraine R Blatt, Elizabeth Votruba-Drzal, Portia Miller, Anna L Marsland, Richard C Sadler

Abstract read
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Article in Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Emily J JonesDepartment of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. emj63@pitt.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8176-9185
Brianna N NataleDepartment of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3759-2818
Lorraine R BlattDepartment of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9010-2884
Elizabeth Votruba-DrzalDepartment of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0708-1205
Portia MillerDepartment of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0021-3690
Anna L MarslandDepartment of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8951-7513
Richard C SadlerDepartment of Family Medicine, Michigan State University, Flint, MI, 48502, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5130-8561

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Historical structural racism in the built environment contributes to health inequities, yet to date, research has almost exclusively focused on racist policy of redlining. We expand upon this conceptualization of historical structural racism by examining the potential associations of probable blockbusting, urban renewal, and proximity to displacement from freeway construction, along with redlining, to multiple contemporary health measures. Analyses linked historical structural racism, measured continuously at the census-tract level using archival data sources, to present-day residents' physical health measures drawn from publicly accessible records for Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. Outcome measures included average life expectancy and the percentage of residents reporting hypertension, stroke, coronary heart disease, smoking, insufficient sleep, sedentary behavior, and no health insurance coverage. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine separate and additive associations between structural racism and physical health measures. Redlining, probable blockbusting, and urban renewal were associated with shorter life expectancy and a higher prevalence of cardiovascular conditions, risky health behaviors, and residents lacking health insurance coverage. Probable blockbusting and urban renewal had the most consistent correlations with all 8 health measures, while freeway displacement was not reliably associated with health. Additive models explained a greater proportion of variance in health than any individual structural racism measure alone. Moreover, probable blockbusting and urban renewal accounted for relatively more variance in health compared to redlining, suggesting that research should consider these other measures in addition to redlining. These preliminary correlational findings underscore the importance of considering multiple aspects of historical structural racism in relation to current health inequities and serve as a starting point for additional research.

Indexed as

RacismAdultBuilt EnvironmentFemaleHealth StatusHealth Status DisparitiesHumansLife ExpectancyMaleMiddle AgedPennsylvaniaBlockbustingCardiovascularHealth behaviorsHistorical structural racismLife expectancyNeighborhoodsRedliningUrban renewal

Identifiers

PMID38858276
PMCPMC11329463

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.