ReviewPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2024
To update or to create? The influence of novelty and prior knowledge on memory networks.
Review in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cancer Treatment and Memory in Breast Cancer Survivors: Differential Effects on Detailed Episodic and Gist-Like Memory Recall Over Time.Hippocampus · 2026Article
- Hippocampo-neocortical interaction as compressive retrieval-augmented generation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Aging Weakens Memory for Schema-Deviant Objects and Decouples Gaze Sampling from Retrieval Decisions.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- The Emergence of New Schema Memory Requires Sleep.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Limitations of standard memory assessments in breast cancer survivors.Translational neuroscience · 2026Article
- Graded encoding of spatial novelty scales in the human brain.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Rich autobiographical memory benefits from both novelty and similarity to other daily experiences.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Propofol differentially modulates the consolidation of schema-related and -unrelated memory.iScience · 2025Article
- Rich autobiographical memory recall benefits from both novelty and similarity to other daily experiences.Research square · 2025Article
- Memory reconsolidation: a proposed change mechanism for the arts therapies.Frontiers in cognition · 2025Article
- State-dependent memory mechanisms insights from neural circuits and clinical implications.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
- Transforming clinical reasoning-the role of AI in supporting human cognitive limitations.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Review
- Long-term potentiation: 50 years on: past, present and future.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Motor cortical areas facilitate schema-mediated integration of new motor information into memory.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Schemas are foundational mental structures shaped by experience. They influence behaviour, guide the encoding of new memories and are shaped by associated information. The adaptability of memory schemas facilitates the integration of new information that aligns with existing knowledge structures. First, we discuss how novel information consistent with an existing schema can be swiftly assimilated when presented. This cognitive updating is facilitated by the interaction between the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex. Second, when novel information is inconsistent with the schema, it likely engages the hippocampus to encode the information as part of an episodic memory trace. Third, novelty may enhance hippocampal dopamine through either the locus coeruleus or ventral tegmental area pathways, with the pathway involved potentially depending on the type of novelty encountered. We propose a gradient theory of schema and novelty to elucidate the neural processes by which schema updating or novel memory traces are formed. It is likely that experiences vary along a familiarity-novelty continuum, and the degree to which new experiences are increasingly novel will guide whether memory for a new experience either integrates into an existing schema or prompts the creation of a new cognitive framework. This article is part of the theme issue 'Long-term potentiation: 50 years on'.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.