ArticleESMO open2024
Anaemia is independently associated with mortality in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in ESMO open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Baseline Hemoglobin Predicts Oncologic Outcomes in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Treated With Yttrium-90 Radioembolisation: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 136 Patients.Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology · 2026Article
- Predicting hepatocellular carcinoma survival with artificial intelligence.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Circulating Biomarkers Predict Immunotherapeutic Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using a Machine Learning Method.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAnaemia is frequent in patients with cancer and/or liver cirrhosis and is associated with impaired quality of life. Here, we investigated the impact of anaemia on overall survival (OS) and clinical characteristics in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND
methodsHCC patients treated between 1992 and 2018 at the Medical University of Vienna were retrospectively analysed. Anaemia was defined as haemoglobin level <13 g/dl in men and <12 g/dl in women.
resultsOf 1262 assessable patients, 555 (44.0%) had anaemia. The main aetiologies of HCC were alcohol-related liver disease (n = 502; 39.8%) and chronic hepatitis C (n = 375; 29.7%). Anaemia was significantly associated with impaired liver function, portal hypertension, more advanced Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP). In univariable analysis, anaemia was significantly associated with shorter median OS [9.5 months, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 7.3-11.6 months] versus patients without anaemia (21.5 months, 95% CI 18.3-24.7 months) (P < 0.001). In multivariable analysis adjusted for age, Model for End-stage Liver Disease, number of tumour nodules, size of the largest nodule, macrovascular invasion, extrahepatic spread, first treatment line, alpha-fetoprotein and CRP, anaemia remained an independent predictor of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 1.23, 95% CI 1.06-1.43, P = 0.006).
conclusionsAnaemia was significantly associated with mortality in HCC patients, independent of established liver- and tumour-related prognostic factors. Whether adequate management of anaemia can improve outcome of HCC patients needs further evaluation.
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