Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38848026›Full record

ArticleJournal of religion and health2025

Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Its Association with Religiosity and Spiritual Intelligence Among Adults in Rural Puducherry, India: A Community-Based Study.

Vishnu Rajan, Ganesh Kumar Saya, Vikas Menon, Bitty Raghavan

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Article in Journal of religion and health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Vishnu RajanDepartment of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India.
Ganesh Kumar SayaDepartment of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India. sssgan@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1495-9461
Vikas MenonDepartment of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India.
Bitty RaghavanDepartment of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Depression is a serious mental health problem globally, and its multifactorial origin and interconnections with spiritual intelligence are yet to be explored. Spiritual intelligence and religiosity are distinct concepts but share a collective goal of connecting to the divine force. This cross-sectional study (March 2021-September 2022) in rural Puducherry, India, aimed to find out the prevalence of depression and its association with spiritual intelligence and religiosity. Out of the 381 participants, 14.4% reported signs of depression, and individuals without depressive symptoms showed high levels of religious engagement and subjective religiosity. Those with low spiritual intelligence reported more depressive symptoms (15.4%) compared to those with moderate levels (3.4%). The findings highlight a significant depression burden in rural areas, emphasising the potential roles of spiritual intelligence and religiosity in mental health among diverse populations, especially the elderly.

Indexed as

DepressionReligion and PsychologyRural PopulationSpiritualityAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIndiaMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceYoung AdultDepressionMental healthReligiositySISRI-24Spiritual intelligence

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.