Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38847258›Full record

ArticleCurrent drug delivery2025

Characterization and

Zhu Xinle, Zhang Li, Li Jian, Zhao Hui, Gu Jinhua, Wang Hejia

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Current drug delivery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Zhu XinleDepartment of Safety Assessment, China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, 100081, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7607-2076
Zhang LiDepartment of Safety Assessment, China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, 100081, China.
Li JianDepartment of Safety Assessment, China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, 100081, China.
Zhao HuiDepartment of Safety Assessment, China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, 100081, China.
Gu JinhuaDepartment of Safety Assessment, China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, 100081, China.
Wang HejiaDepartment of Safety Assessment, China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, 100081, China.

Funding

Key Program of Public Welfare of Veterinary Drug Industry GY202107Risk Assessment of Transmission of Important Resistant Pathogens/resistance Genes in Livestock and Poultry 2022YFD1800405
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIn the present study, a valnemulin hydrogen fumarate prodrug was characterized, its stability was compared with valnemulin hydrochloride, and the efficacy was evaluated in controlling pneumonia among mice experimentally infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.

methodsOptical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to study the physical and chemical properties of the prodrug. The thermal stability was investigated in comparison with valnemulin hydrochloride to improve the preparation process of valnemulin hydrogen fumarate soluble powder and maximize its drug effect. Additionally, the efficacy of valnemulin hydrogen fumarate was evaluated in a challenge-treatment trial in mice using an

resultsValnemulin hydrogen fumarate had high crystallinity. After light irradiation for 20 days, valnemulin hydrogen fumarate did not degrade, whereas valnemulin hydrochloride did. These results showed that the valnemulin hydrogen fumarate was stable. At the same dose in drinking water, the valnemulin hydrogen fumarate was more effective than the reference drug of tiamulin fumarate in an

conclusionValnemulin hydrogen fumarate shows excellent potential for application as a veterinary drug.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsDiterpenesFumaratesProdrugsActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeAnimalsDrug StabilityFemaleMiceAnti-Bacterial AgentsDiterpenesFumaratesProdrugsvalnemulinActinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.Characterizationefficacypolymorphic formstabilityvalnemulin hydrogen fumarate

Identifiers

PMID38847258

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.