Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38846977›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in oncology2024

Risk factors for the development of cervical cancer: analysis of the evidence.

Julissa Luvián-Morales, Sandra Olimpia Gutiérrez-Enríquez, Víctor Granados-García, Kirvis Torres-Poveda

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Julissa Luvián-MoralesMICAELA Program, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico.
Sandra Olimpia Gutiérrez-EnríquezFaculty of Nursing and Nutrition, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
Víctor Granados-GarcíaEpidemiological and Health Services Research Unit Aging Area, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico.
Kirvis Torres-PovedaCenter for Research on Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Cuernavaca, Mexico.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most prevalent female cancer globally. Understanding its epidemiology is crucial for devising practical strategies suited to geographic and social contexts to attain the global eradication of CC. Hence, this study examined the latest evidence of risk factors contributing to CC development. Methods: An independent literature search was conducted on PubMed using MESH terms. The primary sources were meta-analyses published from 2010 to 2023, which detail updated evidence on risk factors associated with CC. Additionally, the quality of the evidence was evaluated using the GRADE system and recommendations were made accordingly. Results: The main risk factors related to the cause of CC include co-infections with other sexually transmitted infections, genetic markers, cervicovaginal microbiota, nutritional factors, comorbidities that affect the immune response, smoking, and the use of hormonal contraceptives with a quality evidence based on the GRADE scale moderate. Conclusions: Since the necessary cause for CC is persistent cervicovaginal HPV, all the risk factors implicated in the causality of CC act as non-independent cofactors that increase the risk of CC. Thus, changes in public policies aimed at addressing these risk factors are highly recommended and can substantially decrease the risk of CC.

Indexed as

causalityepidemiologyHPVrisk factorsuterine cervical neoplasms

Identifiers

PMID38846977
PMCPMC11153748

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.