ArticleEFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority2024
Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for preformed vitamin A and β-carotene.
Article in EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Carnivore Diet: A Scoping Review of the Current Evidence, Potential Benefits and Risks.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Vitamin A Derivatives and Adipose Tissue Differentiation: Molecular Pathways Driving Browning and Anti-Obesity Effects.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Usual nutrient intake and adherence to dietary reference values among 3-6-year-old Finnish preschoolers.Food & nutrition research · 2026Article
- Health Risk Assessment of Dietary Chemical Exposures: A Comprehensive Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Nutritional Characterization of Annual and Perennial Glassworts from the Apulia Region (Italy).Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Biomarkers for non-small cell lung cancer risk using multi-omics approaches: a nested case-control study.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Article
- Anti-DNA Damage Mechanisms and the Role of Carotenoids, Vitamin A, and Its Derivatives.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Evaluating the Oxidative Balance Score for Peripheral Artery Disease Risk: Integrating Epidemiologic Modeling and SHAP-Interpretable Machine Learning in NHANES.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Vitamin A5: Evidence, Definitions, Gaps, and Future Directions.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Assessment of the feed additive beta-carotene (3a160(a)) for all animal species for the renewal of its authorisation (BASF SE, DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Europe-Asia GmbH, JYB Europe BV, NHU Europe GmbH).EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2025Article
- Co-treatment of β-carotene with acetamiprid provides protection against acetamiprid induced hepatic and renal toxicity via modulation of the antioxidant system.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Article
- Safety of yellow tomato extract as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2025Article
- The Role of Vitamins in Pediatric Urinary Tract Infection: Mechanisms and Integrative Strategies.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Vitamin A concentration in bovine liver and milk does not only depend on characteristics of the farming system.NPJ science of food · 2025Article
- Toxic Effects of Excess Vitamins A, B6, and Folic Acid on the Nervous System.Behavioural neurology · 2025Review
- Guidance for establishing and applying tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and essential minerals.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
- The challenge of accounting for less frequently consumed foods with a high impact on nutrient intake estimates using the EFSA Comprehensive Food Consumption Database: The example of preformed vitamin A.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
- Mechanisms of regulation of glycolipid metabolism by natural compounds in plants: effects on short-chain fatty acids.Nutrition & metabolism · 2024Review
- Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for iron.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Following two requests from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the revision of the tolerable upper intake level (UL) for preformed vitamin A and β-carotene. Systematic reviews of the literature were conducted for priority adverse health effects of excess vitamin A intake, namely teratogenicity, hepatotoxicity and endpoints related to bone health. Available data did not allow to address whether β-carotene could potentiate preformed vitamin A toxicity. Teratogenicity was selected as the critical effect on which to base the UL for preformed vitamin A. The Panel proposes to retain the UL for preformed vitamin A of 3000 μg RE/day for adults. This UL applies to men and women, including women of child-bearing age, pregnant and lactating women and post-menopausal women. This value was scaled down to other population groups using allometric scaling (body weight
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