ArticleCureus2024
Analyzing the Differences in the Degree of Force Application Between Novice and Expert Physiotherapists Using a Muscle Deformation Sensor.
Article in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Time Series Analysis of Muscle Deformation During Physiotherapy Using Optical Wearable Sensors.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Investigating the relationship between anxiety, depression, and forearm muscle deformation in amateur athletes using time-series analysis.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundTraining physiotherapists require substantial experience and a lengthy period of time to achieve proficiency. However, establishing an objective method for quantifying the degree of force applied during treatment remains elusive, making training difficult.
objectivesThis study aims to clarify the difference in the degree of force application between novice and expert physiotherapists using muscle deformation sensors and to assist in teaching.
methodsA muscle deformation sensor array was utilized to capture the muscle bulging (muscle deformation), and the degree of force was visualized. The experiment involved two types of physiotherapy: upper and lower extremity exercises. Subsequently, the muscle deformation value and standard deviations of the muscle deformation data obtained were compared.
resultsSignificant differences between novices and experts were observed in forearm muscle deformation values and standard deviations across both types of physiotherapies (p<0.05). Additionally, a distinction was observed in the left lower limb flexor muscles during upper extremity exercise (p<0.05).
conclusionThe results of this survey showed notable differences in the degree of force application between novices and experts, as demonstrated by our findings. Moreover, these implications extend beyond physiotherapy to sports, hobbies, and the teaching of traditional skills.
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