ArticleBiology of sex differences2024
Relationship between sex biases in gene expression and sex biases in autism and Alzheimer's disease.
Article in Biology of sex differences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sex-stratified insights into the genetics of brain volumes in late adulthood.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Conservation and divergence of sex-biased gene expression across 50 million years of Drosophila evolution.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Escape from X inactivation drives sex differences in gene expression.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Spatially resolved molecular sex differences at single-cell resolution in the adult human ventromedial and arcuate hypothalamus.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Sex-specific associations of gene expression with Alzheimer's disease neuropathology and ante-mortem cognitive performance.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Association of Android and Gynoid Fatness With Incident Dementia and Brain Structure.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2025Article
- Sex differences in the developing human cortex intersect with genetic risk of neurodevelopmental disorders.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Impact of Confounding Factors in Human Postmortem Brain Tissues on Gene Expression Profiles: A Comparison of Patients With Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, and Nonpsychiatric Controls.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2025Article
- Indel calling from ONT sequencing data of family trios via sparse attention and 3D convolution.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Parallel Gene Expression Changes in Ventral Midbrain Dopamine and GABA Neurons during Normal Aging.eNeuro · 2025Article
- Contribution of autosomal rare and de novo variants to sex differences in autism.American journal of human genetics · 2025Article
- Evolutionary divergence between homologous X-Y chromosome genes shapes sex-biased biology.Nature ecology & evolution · 2025Article
- Exploring the Impact of Sex and Gender in Brain Function: Implications and Considerations.Advances in therapy · 2024Article
- HLA-A, -B, -C and -DRB1 Association with Autism Spectrum Disorder Risk: A Sex-Related Analysis in Italian ASD Children and Their Siblings.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Evolutionary and biomedical implications of sex differences in the primate brain transcriptome.Cell genomics · 2024Article
- Contribution of autosomal rare andmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
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Abstract
backgroundSex differences in the brain may play an important role in sex-differential prevalence of neuropsychiatric conditions.
methodsIn order to understand the transcriptional basis of sex differences, we analyzed multiple, large-scale, human postmortem brain RNA-Seq datasets using both within-region and pan-regional frameworks.
resultsWe find evidence of sex-biased transcription in many autosomal genes, some of which provide evidence for pathways and cell population differences between chromosomally male and female individuals. These analyses also highlight regional differences in the extent of sex-differential gene expression. We observe an increase in specific neuronal transcripts in male brains and an increase in immune and glial function-related transcripts in female brains. Integration with single-nucleus data suggests this corresponds to sex differences in cellular states rather than cell abundance. Integration with case-control gene expression studies suggests a female molecular predisposition towards Alzheimer's disease, a female-biased disease. Autism, a male-biased diagnosis, does not exhibit a male predisposition pattern in our analysis.
conclusionOverall, these analyses highlight mechanisms by which sex differences may interact with sex-biased conditions in the brain. Furthermore, we provide region-specific analyses of sex differences in brain gene expression to enable additional studies at the interface of gene expression and diagnostic differences.
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