ArticleFrontiers in immunology2024
Inflammatory and endothelial host responses in community-acquired pneumonia: exploring the relationships with HbA1c, admission plasma glucose, and glycaemic gap-a cross-sectional study.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Incremental prognostic value of the systemic immune‑inflammation index, pan‑immune‑inflammation value, and modified glasgow prognostic score for severity assessment and outcome prediction in community‑acquired pneumonia.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
- Association of Post-procedural Glucose with Clinical Outcomes After Endovascular Therapy for Large Vessel Occlusion.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- Prognostic value of IL-6, HMGB1, and TLR4 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with community-acquired pneumonia.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- Review
- Homozygous AA Genotype of IL-17A and 14-bp Insertion Polymorphism in HLA-G 3'UTR Are Associated with Increased Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Time-Lagged Effects of Hyperglycemia on Inflammation in Older Adults with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Nutritional Insights and Personalized Intervention Windows.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is associated with dysregulated immune function and impaired cytokine release, while transient acute hyperglycaemia has been shown to enhance inflammatory cytokine release in preclinical studies. Although diabetes and acute hyperglycaemia are common among patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), the impact of chronic, acute, and acute-on-chronic hyperglycaemia on the host response within this population remains poorly understood. This study investigated whether chronic, acute, and acute-on- chronic hyperglycaemia are associated with distinct mediators of inflammatory, endothelial, and angiogenic host response pathways in patients with CAP. Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 555 patients with CAP, HbA1c, admission plasma (p)-glucose, and the glycaemic gap (admission p-glucose minus HbA1c- derived average p-glucose) were employed as measures of chronic, acute, and acute-on-chronic hyperglycaemia, respectively. Linear regression was used to model the associations between the hyperglycaemia measures and 47 proteins involved in inflammation, endothelial activation, and angiogenesis measured at admission. The models were adjusted for age, sex, CAP severity, pathogen, immunosuppression, comorbidity, and body mass index. Adjustments for multiple testing were performed with a false discovery rate threshold of less than 0.05. Results: The analyses showed that HbA1c levels were positively associated with IL-8, IL-15, IL-17A/F, IL-1RA, sFlt-1, and VEGF-C. Admission plasma glucose was also positively associated with these proteins and GM-CSF. The glycaemic gap was positively associated with IL-8, IL-15, IL-17A/F, IL-2, and VEGF-C. Conclusion: In conclusion, chronic, acute, and acute-on-chronic hyperglycaemia were positively associated with similar host response mediators. Furthermore, acute and acute-on-chronic hyperglycaemia had unique associations with the inflammatory pathways involving GM-CSF and IL-2, respectively.
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