ArticlePsychopharmacology2024
Impact of vanilla flavor on nicotine taste, choice, intake, and seeking behaviors.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Vanillin Improves Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and Gut Microbiota in Broilers.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Effects of Sweeteners and Cinnamon Flavor on Oral Nicotine Choice Behaviors.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Effects of commercial unflavored and vanilla-flavored e-liquids on nicotine intake and withdrawal.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The ratio of propylene glycol to glycerol modulates nicotine taste and reward: more glycerol, more reward.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Vanillin Has Potent Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities In Vitro and in Mouse Colitis Induced by Multidrug-ResistantAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleFlavors can alter the orosensory properties of tobacco products. Specifically, flavors can serve as an oral cue for smokeless tobacco products.
objectivesWe aimed to investigate the impact of oral vanillin, the principal chemical of vanilla flavor in tobacco products, on nicotine's taste, and nicotine choice, intake, and seeking behaviors.
methodsExperiments were performed in young adult Sprague Dawley rats. We employed a two-bottle free-choice test (2BC) to measure the preference for different concentrations of vanillin and its effect on nicotine preference. To explore the long-term effects of early exposure to sweetened vanillin, we utilized a combined 2BC and intraoral self-administration (IOSA) model. We assessed the nicotine taking and seeking behaviors in the presence or absence of vanillin. We performed a taste reactivity test (TRT) to quantify liking (ingestive) and disliking (aversive) taste responses to oral nicotine with or without vanillin.
resultsIn 2BC, female rats preferred vanillin containing solutions more than their male counterparts. In IOSA, vanillin alone and in combination with nicotine led to greater IOSA compared to water. Female rats self-administered vanillin plus nicotine more than male rats. Vanillin increased motivation to nicotine taking, but only in females. In TRT, vanillin increased nicotine's ingestive responses but blocked aversive responses in both sexes.
conclusionsThese results indicate that vanilla flavor can increase oral nicotine intake. It can also increase liking and decrease disliking of nicotine's taste. Furthermore, the impact of vanilla flavor on nicotine taste and nicotine choice, intake, and seeking behaviors is concentration and sex dependent.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.