ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2024
Enhanced abscopal anti-tumor response via a triple combination of thermal ablation, IL-21, and PD-1 inhibition therapy.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exploring the applicability, combined strategies, and challenges of ablation in hematology based on its characteristics and immunomodulatory mechanisms.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Colorectal cancer liver metastasis: immunosuppressive microenvironment, signaling pathways, and emerging therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- IL21 is predominantly produced by a CXCL13 associated CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Synergistic immunomodulation: integrating physical ablation with immune checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic colorectal carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- In Situ Vaccination by Tumor Ablation: Principles and Prospects for Systemic Antitumor Immunity.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Microwave ablation combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor enhanced the antitumor immune activation and memory in rechallenged tumor mouse model.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Case report: Abscopal response and reversal of PD-1 resistance in a patient with nephroblastoma following radiofrequency ablation.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Despite the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in treating solid tumors, lots of patients remain unresponsive to this therapy. Microwave ablation (MWA) stimulates systemic adaptive immunity against tumor cells by releasing tumor antigens. Additionally, IL-21 has demonstrated importance in stimulating T-cell effector function. The combination of these three therapies-MWA, IL-21, and anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)-has yet to be explored in the context of cancer treatment.In this study, we explored the impact of thermal ablation on IL-21R expression in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Subsequently, we assessed alterations in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and peripheral lymphoid organs. Additionally, we conducted a thorough examination of tumor-infiltrating CD45
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.