ArticleJapanese journal of radiology2024
Spot sign score is associated with hematoma expansion and longer hospital stay but not functional outcomes in primary intracerebral hemorrhage survivors.
Article in Japanese journal of radiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation Protects Neurons in the Perihematomal Region and Improves the Outcomes in a Rat Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2025Article
- Value of the spot sign combined with the blend sign for predicting the outcome of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who have undergone stereotactic minimally invasive surgery.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe computed tomography angiography (CTA) spot sign is a validated predictor of 30-day mortality in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, its role in predicting unfavorable functional outcomes remains unclear. This study explores the frequency of the spot sign and its association with functional outcomes, hematoma expansion, and length of hospital stay among survivors of ICH. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis was a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with primary ICH who received CTA within 24 h of admission to two medical centers between January 2007 and August 2022. Patients who died before discharge and those referred from other hospitals were excluded. Spot signs were assessed by an experienced neuroradiologist. Functional outcomes were determined by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores and the Barthel Index (BI).
resultsIn total, 98 patients were included; 14 (13.64%) had a spot sign. No significant differences were observed in the baseline characteristics between the patients with and without a spot sign. Higher spot sign scores were associated with higher odds of experiencing hematoma expansion (p = 0.013, 95% CI = 1.16-3.55), undergoing surgery (p = 0.012, 95% CI = 0.19-1.55), and having longer hospital stay (p = 0.02, 95% CI = 1.22-13.92). However, higher spot sign scores were not associated with unfavorable functional outcomes (p = 0.918 for BI, and p = 0.782 for mRS).
conclusionSpot signs are common findings among patients with ICH, and higher spot sign scores were associated with subsequent hematoma expansion and longer hospital stays but not unfavorable functional outcomes.
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