Observational studyCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2024
Sex and survival outcomes in patients with renal cell carcinoma receiving first-line immune-based combinations.
Observational study in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Sex-based prognosis in industry-sponsored advanced solid tumor trials: an individual participant data meta-analysis of survival and adverse events.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Pooled it
- Real-World Analysis of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated with Pembrolizumab Plus Axitinib: Evidence from the Campania Oncology Network.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Sex-based analysis of first-line immune-based combinations in intermediate/poor-risk papillary, chromophobe, and unclassified renal cell carcinoma: an ARON-1 subanalysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- An agent-based learning model integrating sex differences in renal cell carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Real-world incidence of G3-G4 adverse events in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma receiving immune-combinations (ARON-1).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- mRNA expression, tumor heterogeneity, and response to therapy in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma treated with immune-based combinations (ARON-1α).Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- Sex as modifier of survival in patients with advanced urothelial cancer treated with pembrolizumab.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
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Authors and funding
31 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is an ongoing debate as to whether sex could be associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) benefit. Existing literature data reveal contradictory results, and data on first-line immune combinations are lacking.
methodThis was a real-world, multicenter, international, observational study to determine the sex effects on the clinical outcomes in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients treated with immuno-oncology combinations as first-line therapy.
resultsA total of 1827 mRCC patients from 71 cancer centers in 21 countries were included. The median OS was 38.7 months (95% CI 32.7-44.2) in the overall study population: 40.0 months (95% CI 32.7-51.6) in males and 38.7 months (95% CI 26.4-41.0) in females (p = 0.202). The median OS was higher in males vs. females in patients aged 18-49y (36.9 months, 95% CI 29.0-51.6, vs. 24.8 months, 95% CI 16.8-40.4, p = 0.426, with + 19% of 2y-OS rate, 72% vs. 53%, p = 0.006), in the clear cell histology subgroup (44.2 months, 95% CI 35.8-55.7, vs. 38.7 months, 95% CI 26.0-41.0, p = 0.047), and in patients with sarcomatoid differentiation (34.4 months, 95% CI 26.4-59.0, vs. 15.3 months, 95% CI 8.9-41.0, p < 0.001). Sex female was an independent negative prognostic factor in the sarcomatoid population (HR 1.72, 95% CI 1.15 - 2.57, p = 0.008).
conclusionsAlthough the female's innate and adaptive immunity has been observed to be more active than the male's, women in the subgroup of clear cell histology, sarcomatoid differentiation, and those under 50 years of age showed shorter OS than males.
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