Trial reportEuropean journal of applied physiology2024
Timing matters: diurnal variation of maximal fat oxidation and substrate oxidation rates in metabolic syndrome-a randomized crossover study.
Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Optimizing timing of exercise to improve metabolic outcomes in obesity and type 2 diabetes.Npj biological timing and sleep · 2026Review
- Exercise Testing for Metabolic Flexibility: Time for Protocol Standardization.Sports medicine - open · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe aim of this study was to investigate if diurnal oscillation in maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and substrate oxidation rates during exercise exists in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS).
methodsIn a randomized crossover design, 14 MetS patients were assigned to two graded exercise tests conditions performed in the morning (between 7:00 and 9:00 a.m) and in the afternoon (between 4:00 and 5:00 p.m). MFO was defined as the highest absolute value of fat oxidation obtained from the average of last 2-min stages during an indirect calorimetry test.
resultsMFO increased by 20.6% from morning to afternoon (p = 0.0002, Cohen's d = 0.52). There was a significant time of day, (p < 0.0001, η
conclusionOur study extends previous findings on the existence of diurnal variation in maximal fat oxidation to MetS patients, highlighting the afternoon as a more favorable time for fat utilization during exercise. These findings have practical implications for optimizing training timing in MetS patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: PACTR202306776991260.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.