Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38831918›Full record

ArticleTherapeutic advances in psychopharmacology2024

Efficacy and safety of long-acting injectable

Giovanni Vita, Angelantonio Tavella, Giovanni Ostuzzi, Federico Tedeschi, Michele De Prisco, Rafael Segarra, Marco Solmi, Corrado Barbui, Christoph U Correll

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2026
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  17. The evolution of long-acting antipsychotic treatments.Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Giovanni VitaWHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Angelantonio TavellaDepartment of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy.
Giovanni OstuzziWHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2248-9524
Federico TedeschiWHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Michele De PriscoBipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona. c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
Rafael SegarraBiocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2033-8151
Marco SolmiSchool of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Corrado BarbuiWHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Christoph U CorrellCharité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7254-5646

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) have advantages over oral antipsychotics (OAPs) in preventing relapse and hospitalization in chronically ill patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSDs), but evidence in patients with first-episode/recent-onset, that is, early-phase-SSDs is less clear. Objectives: To assess the relative medium- and long-term efficacy and safety of LAIs Method: We searched major electronic databases for head-to-head randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing LAIs and OAPs for the maintenance treatment of patients with early-phase-SSDs. Design: Pairwise, random-effects meta-analysis. Relapse/hospitalization and acceptability (all-cause discontinuation) measured at study-endpoint were co-primary outcomes, calculating risk ratios (RRs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses sought to identify factors moderating differences in efficacy or acceptability between LAIs and OAPs. Results: Across 11 head-to-head RCTs ( Conclusion: LAIs and OAPs did not differ significantly regarding relapse prevention/hospitalization and acceptability. However, in nine subgroup analyses, LAIs were superior to OAPs in patients with EP-SSDs with indicators of higher quality and/or pragmatic design regarding relapse/hospitalization prevention (four subgroup analyses) and/or reduced all-cause discontinuation (five subgroup analyses), without any instance of OAP superiority Trial registration: CRD42023407120 (PROSPERO).

Indexed as

early-phase psychosislong-acting injectable antipsychoticsoral antipsychoticsschizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID38831918
PMCPMC11145998

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.