ArticleAesthetic surgery journal. Open forum2023
Post-Hyaluronic Acid Recurrent Eyelid Edema: Pathophysiologic Mechanisms and a Proposed Treatment Protocol.
Article in Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Autologous Fat Grafting Versus Facial Fillers in Facial Cosmesis: A Systematic review and Meta-analysis.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Malar Edema after Hyaluronic Acid Dermal Fillers: Expert Recommendations on Etiology, Prevention, and Management.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Filler-Induced Lymphatic Compromise: In Silico Modelling of Facial Safety Thresholds and Injection Techniques.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Article
- Article
- Hyaluronidase Use in Aesthetic Medicine: Formulations, Safety, and Clinical Practice.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Role of Hyaluronic Acid in Post-Blepharoplasty Volume Restoration and Complication Management: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injections for facial augmentation are commonly administered but can lead to post-hyaluronic acid recurrent eyelid edema (PHAREE). The pathophysiology of this condition has not been fully understood. Objectives: To report the successful treatment of PHAREE using serial hyaluronidase and fractionated radiofrequency microneedling, with additional carbon dioxide laser skin resurfacing in selected patients. Methods: Five patients with PHAREE were treated with serial hyaluronidase injections and fractionated radiofrequency microneedling, with 2 patients receiving carbon dioxide laser treatment. The patients were followed up for a minimum of 24 months. Results: All patients reported a resolution of PHAREE signs/symptoms with no adverse effects or recurrence. One patient demonstrated complete resolution after a single treatment; 4 required a series of treatments. Conclusions: The proposed treatment protocol may provide advantages over hyaluronidase alone for PHAREE. The impermeable malar septum, vulnerable eyelid lymphatics, and potential immunogenicity of HA fragments likely contribute to PHAREE pathophysiology. Further research on pathophysiologic mechanisms is warranted. Level of Evidence 4:
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.