Observational studyBMJ paediatrics open2024
Normal range and risk factors for deviating body temperatures during the first 24 hours in term-born infants under standardised care: an observational study.
Observational study in BMJ paediatrics open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ambient temperature extremes and neonatal mortality: a time-stratified case-crossover analysis using Demographic and Health Survey data from East Africa (2011-2022).BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Admission temperature in very preterm infants 2012-2021: a Nationwide Quality Registry Study, Norway.BMJ paediatrics open · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveBody temperature for a known ambient temperature is not known for infants born at term. We aimed to determine the normal range and the incidences of hypothermia and hyperthermia during the first 24 hours of life in healthy term-born infants nursed according to WHO recommendations.
designProspective observational study.
settingNorwegian single centre district hospital. Infants were observed during skin-to-skin care or when dressed in cots.
participantsConvenience sample of 951 healthy infants born at term.
methodsDelivery room temperature was aimed at 26-30°C and rooming-in temperature at 24°C. We measured rectal and room temperatures at 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 hours of age.
main outcome measuresPercentile curves for rectal temperature. Proportions and risk factors for hypothermia and hyperthermia.
resultsThe mean (SD) room temperature was 24.0°C (1.1), 23.8°C (1.0), 23.8°C (1.0)., 23.7°C (0.9) and 23.8°C (0.9). The median (2.5, 97.5 percentile) rectal temperature was 36.9°C (35.7-37.9), 36.8°C (35.9-37.5), 36.9°C (36.1-37.5), 37.0°C (36.4-37.7) and 37.1°C (36.5-37.7). Hypothermia (<36.5°C) occurred in 28% of the infants, 82% of incidents during the first 8 hours. Risk factors for hypothermia were low birth weight (OR 3.1 (95% CI, 2.0 to 4.6), per kg), male sex, being born at night and nursed in a cot versus skin to skin. Hyperthermia (>37.5°C) occurred in 12% and most commonly in large infants after 8 hours of life. Risk factors for hyperthermia were high birth weight (OR 2.2 (95% CI, 1.4 to 3.5), per kg), being awake, nursed skin to skin and being born through heavily stained amniotic fluid.
conclusionsTerm-born infants were at risk of hypothermia during the first hours after birth even when nursed in an assumed adequate thermal environment and at risk of hyperthermia after 8 hours of age.
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