ArticleBMC infectious diseases2024
Estimating excess mortality and economic burden of Clostridioides difficile infections and recurrences during 2015-2019: the RECUR Germany study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation versus antibiotics for treating clostridioides difficile infection: systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Influence of COVID-19 on Clinical Outcomes ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Establishment and Comparison of High-Throughput Immunoassays for Quantifying Clostridioides difficile Infection Biomarkers.Biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Whole-genome characteristics of isolates from recurrentMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Metabolic plasticity enables Clostridioides difficile growth in coculture with neutrophils and other mammalian cells.Anaerobe · 2025Article
- Article
- Mortality Attributable toMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundClostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) and recurrences (rCDIs) remain a major public health challenge due to substantial mortality and associated costs. This study aims to generate real-world evidence on the mortality and economic burden of CDI in Germany using claims data between 2015 and 2019.
methodsA longitudinal and matched cohort study using retrospective data from Statutory Health Insurance (SHI) was conducted in Germany with the BKK database. Adults diagnosed with CDI in hospital and community settings between 2015 and 2018 were included in the study. Patients had a minimum follow-up of 12-months. All-cause mortality was described at 6-, 12-, and 24-months. Healthcare resource usage (HCRU) and associated costs were assessed at 12-months of follow-up. A cohort of non-CDI patients matched by demographic and clinical characteristics was used to assess excess mortality and incremental costs of HCRU. Up to three non-CDI patients were matched to each CDI patient.
resultsA total of 9,977 CDI patients were included in the longitudinal cohort. All-cause mortality was 32%, 39% and 48% at 6-, 12-, and 24-months, respectively, with minor variations by number of rCDIs. When comparing matched CDI (n = 5,618) and non-CDI patients (n = 16,845), CDI patients had an excess mortality of 2.17, 1.35, and 0.94 deaths per 100 patient-months, respectively. HCRU and associated costs were consistently higher in CDI patients compared to non-CDI patients and increased with recurrences. Total mean and median HCRU cost per patient during follow-up was €12,893.56 and €6,050 in CDI patients, respectively, with hospitalisations representing the highest proportion of costs. A total mean incremental cost per patient of €4,101 was estimated in CDI patients compared to non-CDI patients, increasing to €13,291 in patients with ≥ 3 rCDIs.
conclusionsIn this real-world study conducted in Germany, CDI was associated with increased risk of death and substantial costs to health systems due to higher HCRU, especially hospitalisations. HCRU and associated costs were exacerbated by rCDIs.
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